新质生产力赋能农民增收:理论机制与经验证据

New Quality Productivity Enabling Farmers to Increase Income:Theoretical Mechanisms and Empirical Evidence

以创新为主导的新质生产力为农民增收提供了全新动力。使用2014—2022年中国30个省级面板数据实证分析新质生产力对农民收入的影响,研究发现:我国新质生产力的发展提升了农村居民收入,新质生产力具有显著的农民增收效应,且结论具备较强的稳健性;新质生产力提升农民收入的机制为增加农村居民的非农就业和促进农业创新;新质生产力对农民收入的影响具有空间效应,既可提升本地区的农民收入,也可提升其他地区的农民收入。针对研究结论,从提升农民的非农就业能力、加强农业创新、发挥新质生产力增收的空间溢出效应三方面提出相应的对策建议,旨在发挥新质生产力的增收效应,提升农村居民收入水平。

New quality productivity which is led by innovation provide fresh impetus for farmers to increase their incomes.This study empirically analyzed the impact of new quality productivity on farmers’income using panel data from 30 provinces in China from 2014 to 2022.The findings revealed that,the development of new quality productivity in China had increased the income of rural residents.New quality productivity had a significant effect on increasing farmers’income,and the conclusion had strong robustness.The mechanisms through which new quality productive forces enhanced farmers’income include increasing non-agricultural employment and promoting agricultural innovation.Additionally,the impact of new quality productivity on the income of farmers had a spatial effect,which could increase the income of farmers in this region as well as in other regions.Based on the research conclusions,corresponding policy recommendations were proposed from three aspects:enhancing farmers’non-agricultural employment capacity,strengthening agricultural innovation,and leveraging the spatial spillover effects of new quality productivity to increase income.The aim was to leverage the income-increasing effect of new quality productive forces and to raise the income level of rural residents.