靶向及免疫治疗在原发性中枢神经系统淋巴瘤中的研究进展

Progress of targeted and immune therapies in primary central nervous system lymphoma

原发性中枢神经系统淋巴瘤(PCNSL)是一种类型罕见、起源于结外部位的高侵袭性脑肿瘤,5年总生存率低。部分患者可原发耐药或出现复发,以大剂量甲氨蝶呤为基础的治疗方案不足以满足临床治疗需求。随着淋巴瘤相关基因特征及免疫微环境等研究的深入,包括Bruton酪氨酸激酶抑制剂、来那度胺等免疫制剂、抗程序性死亡受体1抗体、嵌合抗原受体T细胞疗法等在内的新途径不断出现。现就PCNSL靶向药物及免疫治疗的进展重点进行综述。

Primary central nervous system lymphoma(PCNSL)is a rare highly aggressive brain tumor originating from the extranodal sites,with a low 5-year overall survival rate.Some patients may have drug resistance or relapse,the therapeutic regimens based on high-dose methotrexate is insufficient to meet the clinical treatment needs.With the in-depth study of characteristics of lymphoma-related genes and immune microenvironment,new pathways continue to emerge,including Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors,immune preparations such as lenalidomide,anti-programmed death receptor-1 antibodies,chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy,etc.This review focuses on the progress of targeted drugs and immunotherapy for PCSNL.