牙周炎患者唾液微生物菌群结构及其与种植体周围炎风险的相关性研究

Study on the structure of salivary microflora in patients with periodontitis and its correlation with the risk of peri-implant periodontitis

目的:探究牙周炎患者唾液微生物菌群结构及其与种植体周围炎风险的相关性。方法:回顾性选取2022年8月~2023年8月于本院行种植修复的260例牙缺失合并牙周炎的患者为研究对象,其中102例患者合并种植体周围炎(炎症组),158例未合并种植体周围炎者(非炎症组)。收集两组患者的唾液样本,提取其全基因组DNA并进行16S核糖体脱氧核糖核酸(16S rDNA)高通量测序。比较两组患者唾液样本微生物菌群多样性、物种组成结构、优势菌群及功能差异。结果:炎症组Shannon指数和Simpson指数明显高于非炎症组(P<0.05);ANOSIM分析结果显示,非炎症组与炎症组组间Bray-Curtis距离显著高于组内Bray-Curtis距离(R=4.164,P=0.002);PCoA分析和PERMANOVA分析结果显示,两组样本菌群呈现显著分离(F=6.579,P<0.001);在属层级上,炎症组唾液样本中的卟啉单胞菌属、草螺菌属、施氏菌属、密螺旋体属、假单胞菌属丰度显著高于非炎症组(P<0.05);在种层级水平上,炎症组唾液样本中的副流感嗜血杆菌丰度显著低于对照组,纤毛菌、产黑普雷沃菌、洛氏普雷沃菌丰度显著高于非炎症组(P<0.05);炎症组磷酸戊糖途径、丙酮酸代谢和丙脂酸代谢丰度显著低于非炎症组(P<0.05)。结论:牙周炎患者唾液微生物菌群结构与种植体周围炎的发生具有明显相关性。

Objective:To explore the structure of salivary microflora in patients with periodontitis and its correlation with the risk of peri-implant periodontitis.Methods:A total of 260 patients with tooth loss complicated with periodontitis who underwent implant repair in our hospital from August 2022 to August 2023 were retrospectively selected,102 patients with peri-implant periodontitis were included in the inflammation group,and the remaining 158 patients without peri-implant periodontitis were included in the non-inflammatory group.The saliva samples of the two groups were collected,and the whole genome DNA was extracted and sequenced with 16S rDNA.The microbial flora diversity,species composition,dominant flora and functional differences between the two groups were compared.Results:Shannon index and Simpson index in inflammatory group were significantly higher than those in non-inflammatory group(P<0.05).The results of ANOSIM analysis showed that the Bray-Curtis distance between the non-inflammatory group and the inflammatory group was significantly higher than the intra-group Bray-Curtis distance(R=4.164,P=0.002).The results of PCoA analysis and PERMANOVA analysis showed that the flora of the two groups were significantly separated(F=6.579,P<0.001).At the genus level,the abundance of Porphyromonas,Spirillum,Schwartzia,Treponema and Pseudomonas in saliva samples in inflammation group was significantly higher than that in non-inflammation group(P<0.05).At the species level,the abundance of Haemophilus parainfluenzae in saliva samples in the inflammation group was significantly lower than that in the control group,while the abundance of ciliated bacteria,Prevotella black and Prevotella roxburghii in the inflammation group was significantly higher than that in the non-inflammatory group(P<0.05).The pentose phosphate pathway,pyruvate metabolism and propionate metabolism abundance in the inflammatory group were significantly lower than those in the non-inflammatory group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The structure of salivary microflora in patients with periodontitis is significantly related to the occurrence of peri-implant periodontitis.