无牙颌患者初戴全口义齿联合咬胶进行口腔功能训练的初步评价

Preliminary evaluation of oral functional training in edentulous patients wearing full dentures combined with chewing gum

目的:比较无牙颌患者经过初次全口义齿修复后通过咬胶干预前后的咀嚼效率、最大咬合力、黏膜压痛数量等的变化,并进行满意度调查,从而评估咬胶干预后的治疗效果。方法:选取在我院口腔修复科就诊的30名无牙颌患者(3个月前拔除口内余牙),随机分为A、B两组(n=15),A组为全口义齿修复后咬胶干预为主的干预组,B组为全口义齿修复后不做任何处理的对照组。两组在修复后即刻、3、6个月用Viewgum色彩分析软件测试咀嚼效率,咬合力测试仪测试最大咬合力,记录黏膜压痛数量、并且在修复完成6个月后行满意度调查。结果:修复后即刻两组咀嚼效率差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05),3、6个月时差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。修复后即刻两组最大咬合力差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),3、6个月时差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。修复后3、6个月两组黏膜压痛数量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。修复后6个月美观、发音、舒适度方面满意度,两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),固位与稳定、咀嚼效率差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:无牙颌患者全口义齿修复经过咬胶干预后,有利于改善咀嚼效率和最大咬合力,修复后临床满意度较高;咬胶可作为无牙颌患者全口义齿修复后的临床辅助品,为义齿修复提供更高的成功率。

Objective:To compare the changes of chewing efficiency,maximum bite force and number of mucosal tenderness before and after chewing gum intervention in edentulous patients after the initial full denture restoration,and to conduct a satisfaction survey to evaluate the treatment effect after chewing gum intervention.Methods:A total of 30 edentulous patients(with oral residual teeth extracted before 3 months)who were treated in the Department of Prosthodontics of our hospital were randomly divided into two groups A and B(n=15).The two groups were tested with Viewgum color analysis software immediately,3 and 6 months after restoration,the maximum bite force was measured by the bite force tester,the number of mucosal tenderness was recorded,and satisfaction surveys were conducted 6 months after the completion of repair.Results:There was no statistically significant difference in masticatory efficiency immediately(P>0.05),and there was statistically significant difference at 3 and 6 months between two groups(P<0.05).The statistical difference immediately was not significant(P>0.05),the difference at 3 and 6 months was statistically significant at maximum bite force between two groups(P<0.05).The number of mucosal tenderness between two groups was no significant difference at 3 and 6 months(P>0.05).There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of aesthetics,pronunciation and comfort(P>0.05),but there were statistically significant differences in retention and stability and chewing efficiency(P<0.05)at 6 months after restoration.Conclusion:The restoration of full dentures in edentulous patients is beneficial to improve the chewing efficiency and maximum bite force after the intervention of chewing gum,and the clinical satisfaction after restoration is high.