创业团队反思和双元领导对双元创业即兴的权变影响研究

Research on the Contingency Impact of Entrepreneurial Team Reflection and Dual Leadership on the Improvisation of Dual Entrepreneurship

在如今瞬息万变的创业环境下,创业团队如何通过权变地激发探索式和开发式即兴行为应对不同的情境需要,已成为学术界越发关注的重点。基于权变理论,从团队过程视角入手探讨创业团队反思和双元领导行为对双元创业即兴的双重影响。根据任务反思和过程反思特征设计了两项课堂情景实验进行情境任务演练。实验一发现,任务反思和领导开放行为均更多地预测团队探索式即兴,且领导开放行为能加强任务反思对探索式即兴的正向影响,而领导闭合行为则减弱上述效应。实验二发现,过程反思和领导闭合行为均能更多地预测团队开发式即兴,且领导闭合行为能加强过程反思对开发式即兴的正向影响,而领导开放行为则减弱上述效应。两项实验结果表明,有策略性地配对团队反思和双元领导可产生多种协同作用,启发创业团队灵活处理不同反思带来的即兴差异,以双元领导来扮演重要的调控角色,从而在更大时空范围内实现创业即兴的双元均衡,释放出两种即兴在应对不同环境变化时的最佳效应,助力企业长远发展。

In today's rapidly changing entrepreneurial environment,how entrepreneurial teams can use contingency to stimulate exploratory and developmental improvisational behaviors to respond to different situational needs has become an increasingly important focus in academia.Based on the contingency theory,this study explores the dual impact of entrepreneurial team reflection and dual leadership behavior on dual entrepreneurial improvisation from the perspective of team processes.Two classroom scenario experiments are designed based on the characteristics of task reflection and process reflection to conduct scenario task exercises.The findings of Experiment 1 reveal that both task reflection and leadership open behavior can predict more team exploratory improvisation,and leadership open behavior could enhance the positive impact of task reflection on exploratory improvisation,while leadership closed behavior will weaken the above effect.The findings of Experiment 2 show that both process reflection and leadership closure behavior can predict more team development improvisation,and leadership closure behavior can enhance the positive impact of process reflection on development improvisation,while leadership openness behavior will weaken the above effect.These two experimental results indicate that the strategically pairing team reflection and the dual leadership can generate multiple synergies,inspiring entrepreneurial teams to flexibly handle improvisational differences brought about by different reflections and to play an important regulatory role by the dual leadership,thereby achieving a dual balance of entrepreneurial improvisation in a larger temporal and spatial scope,and releasing the best effects of the two improvisations in responding to different environmental changes,so as to help the long-term development of enterprises.