基于公共空间视域的个人隐私权保护探析

An Exploration of the Protection of Individual Privacy Rights Based on the Perspective of Public Spaces

在立法上,《民法典》作为公民隐私权保护的重要法律,其对公民的隐私权的范围进行了相关界定,但只延续了传统意义上对隐私权的界定,隐私权的保护在公共空间的情景下是否存在并不明确。在司法上,就公共空间隐私权侵权案件而言,从法院的裁判理由可以发现,有法官依然遵守“公共空间无隐私”的传统理论,认为公共空间中不存在个人隐私权。建议从立法上将隐私权保护的具体内容补充到《民法典》第一千零三十二条中,完善公共空间隐私权保护,同时确立公共空间隐私权侵权的司法判定标准,规范法官对“合理隐私期待”的自由裁量权。

In legislation,the Civil Code,as an important law for protecting citizens’privacy rights,defines the scope of citizens’privacy rights,however,it only continues the traditional definition of privacy rights,and the existence of privacy protection in public spaces is unclear.In judicature,in terms of infringement upon privacy rights in public spaces,it can be observed from the court’s reasoning that some judges still adhere to the traditional theory of“no privacy in public spaces”,and believing that personal privacy rights do not exist in public spaces.It is recommended that the specific content of the protection of privacy rights be added to article 1032 of the Civil Code,so as to improve the protection of the privacy rights in public spaces,and at the same time to establish standards for judicial determination of the infringement of the privacy rights in public spaces,and to regulate the judge’s discretionary power with regard to the“reasonable expectation of privacy”.