改革开放以来我国乡村演变的影响因素与基本规律

Influencing Factors and Basic Laws of Rural Evolution in China Since Reform and Opening up

乡村演变是指乡村地域系统在外部冲击和内部适应的相互作用下,其要素、结构、功能不断变化且交互作用的动态过程。明晰乡村演变的影响因素和基本规律可以为实现乡村全面振兴提供理论支撑。改革开放以来,我国乡村演变的影响因素主要可以分为自然环境、传统文化、社会经济和政策制度4个方面。从城乡关系、农民、乡村产业和村庄4个方面阐述了市场机制下乡村演变规律的内在机理,同时从政策内容、政策作用、特定政策3个视角分析了政策作用于乡村自身发展规律的作用机制。在此基础上,提出乡村全面振兴必须遵循乡村演变的基本规律,并需充分发挥市场主体性作用以及更好发挥政府调节性作用的建议。

Rural evolution refers to the dynamic process in which the elements,structure and functions of rural regional system are constantly changing and interacting with each other under the interaction of external impact and internal adaptation.A clear understanding of the influencing factors and basic laws of rural evolution can provide theoretical support for the realization of rural revitalization.Since the reform and opening up,the influencing factors of rural evolution can be divided into four aspects:natural environment,cultural tradition,social economy and policy system.This paper expounds the internal mechanism of rural evolution law under the market mechanism from four aspects:urbanrural relationship,farmers,rural industry and villages,and analyzes the mechanism of policy action on rural development law from three perspectives:policy content,policy function and specific policy.On this basis,the authors put forward the suggestion that the overall rural revitalization must follow the basic law of rural evolution,and full play the subjective role of the market and better pla tyhe regulatory role of the government.