铁路货车车钩缓冲装置的故障及处理

Failure and Treatment of Railway Wagon Coupler Buffer Device

为提升铁路货车车钩缓冲装置的安全性,降低车钩缓冲装置裂纹、断裂等故障对铁路货车货运带来的影响,研究铁路货车车钩缓冲装置的故障及处理方法。详细分析了铁路货车车钩缓冲装置的组成部分以及不同故障产生的原因,并针对铁路货车车钩缓冲装置存在的故障问题,设计了车钩开锁不良处理方法、钩尾销孔裂纹处理方法、钩舌裂纹或断裂处理方法、锁铁和上锁销组成磨耗处理方法,以此实现铁路货车车钩缓冲装置的故障处理。经实际应用发现:该处理方法可有效降低铁路货车车钩缓冲装置中不同裂纹位置的裂纹宽度,从而提升车钩缓冲装置安全性。

In order to improve the safety of the coupler buffer device of railway wagons and reduce the impact of cracks and fractures of the coupler buffer device on the freight of railway wagons,the faults and treatment methods of the coupler buffer device of railway wagons were studied.The components of the coupler buffer device of railway wagons and the causes of different faults are analyzed in detail.And in view of the fault problems of the coupler buffer device of railway wagons,the poor treatment method of coupler unlocking,the crack treatment method of hook tail pin,the treatment method of hook tongue crack or fracture,and the abrasion treatment method of locking iron and locking pin composition are designed to realize the fault treatment of railway wagon coupler buffer device.Through practical application,it is found that this treatment method can effectively reduce the crack width at different crack positions in the coupler buffer device of railway wagons,so as to improve the safety of the coupler buffer device.