浅析韩国养老制度对中国的启示

A Brief Analysis of the Implications of the Elder Care System in South Korea for China

老龄化是世界各国人口结构的发展趋势,老龄化问题不仅严重影响社会的发展,而且会给社会生活的各个方面带来明显而深远的连锁反应。如劳动力人口不断减少,社会负担加重等。目前,东亚地区的人口出生率持续走低,老龄化进程则在加速,这给社会发展带来了诸多挑战。在这个背景下,思考如何建立完善的老龄化政策迫在眉睫。韩国老龄化进程发生较早,人口老龄化程度更具代表性,并且已经根据具体情况制定了相对完善的老龄化政策。这对我国摸索养老之路提供了范本。本文将从以下五个方面展开论述:国民年金制度、医疗政策与长期护理服务、老年人居住保障、老年人业余生活保障与老年人就业制度建设。

Aging is a trend in the demographic structure development of countries worldwide.The issue of aging not only significantly affects social development,but also brings about evident and far-reaching chain reactions to various aspects of social life,such as a continuous decrease in the workingage population and an increase in societal burdens.Currently,the birth rate in East Asia continues to decline while the process of aging accelerates,presenting numerous challenges to social development.In this context,it is urgent to consider how to establish a comprehensive aging policy.South Korea,which experienced aging earlier and has a more representative degree of population aging,has formulated relatively complete aging policies based on its specific conditions.This provides a model for our country’s exploration of elderly care pathways.This paper will discuss the following five aspects:the national pension system,medical policies and long-term care services,housing guarantee and leisure life guarantee for the elderly,and the construction of employment systems for the elderly.