肠道菌群中特定益生菌株对溃疡性结肠炎患者黏膜愈合及免疫调节的机制研究

Research on the Mechanisms of Specific Probiotic Strains in Gut Microbiota on Mucosal Healing and Immunomodulation in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis

本研究聚焦肠道菌群中特定益生菌株对溃疡性结肠炎(UC)患者黏膜愈合及免疫调节的机制。通过体外细胞实验、动物实验及临床研究展开探索。体外实验表明,特定益生菌株可提升结肠上皮细胞PCNA表达、抑制细胞凋亡相关通路、增强紧密连接蛋白表达,促进黏膜修复。动物实验发现,该益生菌株能调节肠道局部免疫细胞亚群,如促进巨噬细胞M2型极化、调节树突状细胞功能与T细胞亚群平衡,减少炎症因子分泌、增加抗炎因子产生,减轻肠道炎症。临床研究显示,益生菌治疗组在黏膜愈合指标(内镜评分与组织病理学评分)、免疫指标(外周血免疫细胞亚群与炎症因子水平)及临床症状与生活质量方面均有显著改善。综合而言,特定益生菌株对UC治疗具有多途径作用机制,黏膜愈合与免疫调节协同关联,在UC治疗中有潜在应用价值,但研究存在一定局限性,未来需进一步深入探究。

This study focused on the mechanisms of specific probiotic strains in gut microbiota on mucosal healing and immunomodulation in patients with ulcerative colitis(UC).Explorations were carried out through in vitro cell experiments,animal experiments and clinical studies.In vitro experiments showed that specific probiotic strains could increase the expression of PCNA in colonic epithelial cells,inhibit the pathways related to apoptosis,enhance the expression of tight junction proteins,and thus promote mucosal repair.Animal experiments found that these probiotic strains could regulate the subsets of local intestinal immune cells,such as promoting the polarization of macrophages to the M2 type,regulating the functions of dendritic cells and the balance of T cell subsets,reducing the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors,increasing the production of anti-inflammatory factors,and alleviating intestinal inflammation.Clinical studies indicated that the probiotic treatment group had significant improvements in mucosal healing indicators(endoscopic scores and histopathological scores),immune indicators(peripheral blood immune cell subsets and inflammatory factor levels),as well as clinical symptoms and quality of life.Overall,specific probiotic strains have multi-pathway action mechanisms in the treatment of UC,and there is a synergistic correlation between mucosal healing and immunomodulation.They have potential application value in the treatment of UC.However,there are certain limitations in this study,and further in-depth investigations are needed in the future.