俄语成语语源词典编纂探析

On the compilation of Russian idiom etymological dictionaries

成语语源学是以成语的来源和理据为研究对象的学科,其研究成果主要体现为具体语言的成语语源词典。这类词典对于成语形式、意义和用法的学习和理解具有重要意义。本文考察了与俄语成语语源词典编纂相关的几个问题,介绍了这类词典在俄苏语言学界的发展概况和代表性著作,分析了编纂这类词典的学术和实践价值,以我国的《俄语成语语源词典》为例探讨了这类词典的主要编纂原则,指出了相关工作在释源释义、专名翻译和编排等方面的要求。

Idiom Etymology is a discipline focused on the origin and motivation of idioms, and its research results are mainly embodied in etymological dictionaries of idioms in specific languages, which can help learners understand the connections between the form, meaning, and usage of idioms. This paper examines several issues related to the compilation of Russian idiom etymological dictionaries. Firstly, it introduces the general situation of the development and representative works of this kind of dictionaries in the field of Russian and Soviet linguistics. Secondly, it analyzes the academic and practical value of compiling such dictionaries. Thirdly, it discusses the main principles of compiling such dictionaries by taking China's “Russian Idiom Etymological Dictionary” as an example and specifies requirements of etymology and meaning interpretation, proper name translation, and entry arrangement in compilation.