20世纪末以来云南吞口文化研究综述

A Review of Research on Tun Kou Culture in Yunnan Since the End of the 20th Century

云南吞口是一种由巫觋面具演变而来,与宗教和巫术密切相关的一种文化形态,是为辟邪保平安的神物。吞口作为云南的非物质文化遗产,既是历史的见证,又是中华民族智慧与文明的结晶。20世纪末期以来,吞口逐渐受到学术界的关注和重视。通过对已有研究成果的梳理,着重从民俗学视野、美学视野、与其他面具文化比较视野和吞口的缘起及传承保护四个方面,对学界关于吞口文化的研究概况进行综述,以期对当代云南吞口文化研究趋势有一个总体把握。

Yunnan Tun Kou is a kind of cultural form that evolved from witch masks and is closely related to religion and witchcraft.It is a divine object to ward off evil and keep peace.As the intangible cultural heritage of Yunnan,Tun Kou is not only the witness of history,but also the crystallization of Chinese wisdom and civilization.Since the end of the 20th century,the academic community has gradually paid more attention to Tun Kou.By combing the existing research results,this paper summarizes the general situation of the research on the Tun Kou culture in the academic circle from four aspects,namely,the perspective of folklore,aesthetics,comparison with other mask cultures,and the origin and inheritance and protection of Tun Kou culture,in order to have a general grasp of the research trend of contemporary Yunnan Tun Kou culture.