浅谈万全“育婴四法”对小儿生长发育的影响

Discussion on the influence of Wan Quan′s"Four methods of infant rearing"on the growth and development of children

万全提出“预养以培其元,胎养以保其真,蓐养以防其变,鞠养以慎其疾”的“育婴四法”。其中,预养以培其元包括做好备孕,避免伤害、确保健康生育;胎养以保其真则需小儿父母注意精神调摄、品德修养、饮食起居,运动、胎教等以确保胎儿健康发育;蓐养以防其变包括小儿从新生儿期到婴儿期的调护、防治疾病,调护蓐母身体等;鞠养以慎其疾包括小儿从幼儿期到学龄前期的日常调护、饮食营养、疾病防治及早期教育等方面。充分挖掘万全“育婴四法”学说的内涵,将“育婴四法”学说与小儿的生长发育联系起来,对当今小儿的生长发育具有一定的借鉴意义。

Wan Quan has proposed the"Four methods of infant rearing":pre-raising to cultivate origin,fetal raising to ensure health,peripartum raising to prevent changes,and postpartum raising to be alert to diseases.The method of pre-raising to cultivate origin involves preparing for pregnancy,avoiding harm,and ensuring a healthy birth.The method of fetal raising to ensure health means that parents should focus on mental adjustment,moral cultivation,diet and daily habits,exercise,and fetal education to ensure the healthy development of the fetus.The method of peripartum raising to prevent changes includes care for the child,disease prevention and control,and care for the mother′s body from the neonatal period to the infant period.The method of postpartum raising to be alert to diseases includes daily care,diet and nutrition,disease prevention,and early education from early childhood to the early school age.Fully exploring the implications of Wan Quan′s"Four methods of infant rearing"theory and connecting it with the growth and development of children has certain referential significance for the upbringing of children today.