系统观视角下中医古籍病证诊疗的知识演化模型设计

Design of knowledge evolution model for diagnosis and treatment of diseases and syndromes in ancient Chinese medicine books from a systematic perspective

目前有关历代医家病证诊疗经验的研究,多以文献解读,或单变量的数据挖掘为主,缺少系统演化的研究。而难点即在于如何通过计算机技术,呈现历代医家诊疗知识中整体观、个性化、动态性的思维特性。“五辨”思维(辨人、辨症、辨病、辨证、辨机),是把握整体性、动态性、个体化特征的当代中医诊断新路径,其内涵知识散在于历代医家著作之中。文章提出以古籍中历代医家病证诊疗知识为研究对象,依托于“五辨”思维,拟构建一个涵盖辨人、辨病、辨症、辨证、治则治法、方药、针灸、医籍、医家、朝代、地理11个知识模块为主的病证诊疗知识演变模型。可借助于事理图谱技术,实现古籍病证诊疗知识动态演变的系统化、结构化呈现。

At present,the research on the diagnosis and treatment experience of doctors in the past dynasties is mainly based on literature interpretation or univariate data mining,and lacks the research on system evolution.The difficulty lies in how to present the holistic,personalized and dynamic thinking characteristics of doctors’diagnosis and treatment knowledge through computer technology.‘Five differentiation’thinking(individual differentiation,symptom differentiation,disease differentiation,syndrome differentiation and pathogenesis differentiation)is a new way to grasp the holistic,dynamic,and individualized characteristics of modern Chinese medicine diagnosis,and its connotation knowledge is scattered in the works of doctors of all ages.This paper proposes to build an knowledge evolution model for diagnosis and treatment of disease and syndrome based on the‘five differentiation’thinking,taking the diagnosis and treatment knowledge of doctors in the past dynasties in ancient books as the research object,and to cover 11 knowledge modules including individual differentiation,symptom differentiation,disease differentiation,syndrome differentiation,treatment principles and methods,prescription,acupuncture,book name,authors,dynasties,and geography.The systematic and structured presentation of the dynamic evolution of the diagnosis and treatment knowledge of ancient books can be realized with the help of the technology of event graph.