吸烟者家庭二手烟行为调查

Second-hand smoke behavior at home among smokers

目的了解吸烟者家庭二手烟行为,为制定家庭控烟措施提供依据。方法于2022年在上海市徐汇区采用多阶段随机抽样结合人口规模成比例抽样方法,抽取徐汇区10个街道(乡镇)≥15岁吸烟的常住居民进行问卷调查,收集人口学信息、吸烟情况、二手烟危害认知和家庭二手烟行为等资料;采用多因素logistic回归模型分析吸烟者家庭二手烟行为的影响因素。结果调查1024人,其中男性769人,占75.10%;女性255人,占24.90%。二手烟危害知晓率为33.59%;二手烟导致成人肺癌知晓率最高,为76.76%;二手烟导致早产和新生儿低出生体重知晓率最低,为39.45%。有家庭二手烟行为459人,占44.82%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,职业(离退休人员,OR=2.320,95%CI:1.276~4.218)、吸烟频率(经常,OR=5.722,95%CI:3.977~8.231)、吸烟时间(≥1年,OR=10.089,95%CI:5.508~18.480)、使用电子烟(偶尔,OR=2.994,95%CI:1.283~6.986)、家庭有孕妇或婴幼儿(否,OR=2.171,95%CI:1.367~3.448)、家庭室内吸烟规定(没有限制,OR=13.926,95%CI:7.538~25.727)和二手烟危害认知(不知晓,OR=1.562,95%CI:1.067~2.287)是吸烟者家庭二手烟行为的影响因素。结论徐汇区调查44.82%的吸烟者存在家庭二手烟行为,并受到职业、吸烟情况、家庭居住情况、家庭室内吸烟规定和二手烟危害认知等因素影响。

Objective To investigate the second-hand smoke behavior at home among smokers,so as to provide the ref⁃erence for developing home tobacco control strategies.Methods Permanent residents who were smokers and at the ages of 15 years and above were sampled from 10 streets(townships)in Xuhui District,Shanghai Municipality using the multi-stage random sampling and population-size proportional sampling methods in 2022.Demographic information,smok⁃ing status,awareness of second-hand smoke hazards and second-hand smoke behavior at home were collected by ques⁃tionnaire surveys.Factors affecting second-hand smoke behavior at home were identified using a multivariable logistic re⁃gression model.Results A total of 1024 smokers were surveyed,including 769 males(75.10%)and 255 females(24.90%).The awareness of hazards of second-hand smoke was 33.59%;the awareness rate of second-hand smoke caus⁃ing lung cancer in adults was the highest at 76.76%,while the awareness rate of second-hand smoke leading to prema⁃ture birth and low birth weight in newborns was the lowest at 39.45%.There were 459 smokers with second-hand smoke behavior at home,accounting for 44.82%.Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that occupation(the re⁃tired,OR=2.320,95%CI:1.276-4.218),frequency of smoking(often,OR=5.722,95%CI:3.977-8.231),smoking duration(a year and above,OR=10.089,95%CI:5.508-18.480),electronic cigarette use(occasionally,OR=2.994,95%CI:1.283-6.986),living with pregnant women or infants(no,OR=2.171,95%CI:1.367-3.448),family indoor smoking restrictions(no restriction,OR=13.926,95%CI:7.538-25.727)and awareness of second-hand smoke hazards(unknown,OR=1.562,95%CI:1.067-2.287)were the influencing factors for second-hand smoke behavior at home.Conclusion There were 44.82%smokers in Xuhui District with second-hand smoke behavior at home,which was influenced by occupation,liv⁃ing situation,smoking status,family indoor smoking restriction and awareness of second-hand smoke hazards.