语言革新与中国新诗的文体功能拓展

Language Innovation and the Expansion of Stylistic Functions of New Chinese Poetry

新诗文体功能的拓展与近现代语言革新运动休戚相关,新诗文体在思维路径、审美空间、抒情方式上得到极大拓展。新诗引入欧化语法,虚词等大量入诗,突破了传统诗歌的格律思维和句法思维,节奏思维是对格律思维的变革,行式思维是对句法思维的革新。新诗审美空间能够从传统的节奏式、朦胧式、意境式拓展为结构式、建构式、整体式,空间内部脉络清晰、逻辑严密,体现了知性审美特征,虚词在新诗“知性空间”的建构上发挥重要作用。随着新诗语言革新,特别是虚词进入新诗后,新诗在抒情方式上发生了两种新变:一是可以不依赖景、物而使用逻辑推演,以理抒情;二是打破节制有度的抒情伦理,从具身体验出发,对情绪更为重视。前者拓宽知性抒情,情感和逻辑相结合,后者延展感性抒情,生理与情绪相结合。

The expansion of stylistic functions of new Chinese poetry is closely related to the innovation mod ern language innovation movement.The stylistic of new Chinese poetry have been greatly expanded in terms of thinking paths,aesthetic spaces,and lyrical methods.The introduction of Europeanized gram mar into new Chinese poetry,especially the extensive use of function words in poetry,has broken through the metrical thinking and syntactic thinking of traditional poetry.Rhythm-based thinking is a transformation of metrical thinking,while line-based thinking is an innovation of syntactic thinking.The aesthetic space of new Chinese poetry extends beyond the traditional rhythmic,hazy and artistic con ceptions to include structural,constructive and holistic spaces.The internal hierarchy of the space is clear and the logic is strict,reflecting the intellectual aesthetic characteristics.Function words play an important role in the construction of the“intellectual space”of new Chinese poetry.With the linguistic innovation in new Chinese poetry,especially after function words enter new poetry,two new changes have taken place in the lyrical methods of new Chinese poetry:First,the expression of emotions through logical deduction rather than through reliance on scenery or objects.Second,a departure from restrained lyrical ethics to emphasize emotions arising from embodied experience.The former broadens intellectual lyricism,combining emotions and logic,while the latter extends perceptual lyricism,combining physiol ogy and emotions.