基于贝叶斯权重估计方法的两栖动物多样性分析--以广东粤北华南虎省级自然保护区为例

Amphibian Diversity Analysis Based on Bayesian-weighted Approach:A Case Study in South China Tiger Provincial Nature Reserve of Northern Guangdong

野外调查是采集生物多样性数据最常用的方法,但在实际应用中,样本量总是有限的,部分稀有种可能不会出现在样本中。因此野外调查结果往往无法全面地反映研究区域的整体物种多样性。为充分掌握广东粤北华南虎省级自然保护区两栖动物多样性现状,于2022年6—10月采用样线法对该保护区的两栖动物展开调查;基于野外调查数据,采用贝叶斯权重估计方法估计保护区的物种总数目。通过野外调查记录到26种两栖动物,结合往期的调查资料,保护区现记录有35种两栖动物。贝叶斯权重估计方法的估计结果为34种,与保护区现有的两栖动物多样性记录(35种)十分接近。调查到的两栖动物包括国家二级重点保护野生动物1种(虎纹蛙Hoplobatrachus chinensis),广东省重点保护陆生野生动物4种(福建掌突蟾Parame⁃gophrys liui、浦式短腿蟾Brachytarsophrys popei、东方短腿蟾Brachytarsophrys orienta⁃lis、莽山刘角蟾Liuophrys mangshanensis)。区系组成以17个东洋界种类占优势,另有9个广布种。不同生境类型的两栖动物多样性呈现出明显差别,其中,阔叶林的两栖动物多样性最高。本文在已有研究的基础之上,进一步验证了贝叶斯权重估计方法的准确性,为贝叶斯权重估计方法在生物多样性数据校正、野生动物调查规划等领域的应用提供了依据。

Field survey is the most used method for collecting biodiversity data,but in practice,the sample size is always limited,and some rare species might not be included in the samples.Therefore,the outcome of field survey usually can’t completely reflect the overall species diversity of the study area.To fully understand the amphibian diversity in the South China Tiger Provincial Nature Reserve of Northern Guangdong,we conducted a field survey using line transect sampling during June to October 2022.Based on the field survey data,the Bayesian-weighted approach was applied to estimate the total number of amphibian species in this nature reserve.A total of 26 amphibian species were observed,and combined with the previous inventory data,there have been 35 amphibian species recorded in the nature reserve.The species num⁃ber estimated via Bayesian-weighted approach was 34,which is very close to the recorded number of amphibian species in the nature reserve(35).The recorded amphibians included one gradeⅡkey state-protected wild animal(Hoplobatrachus chinensis)and four key protected terrestrial wild animals of Guangdong Province(Paramegophrys liui,Brachytarsophrys popei,Brachytarsophrys orientalis,Liuophrys mangshanensis).Fauna composition is dominated by 17 Oriental Realm spe⁃cies and nine widely distributed species.Amphibian diversity varies significantly across different habitat types,with broadleaved forest hosting the highest amphibian diversity.The present study further proved the accuracy of estimates via Bayesian-weighted approach based on existing research and provides a basis for its application in biodiversity data correc⁃tion and wildlife survey planning.