德国对工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患的职业病诊断和管理

Diagnosis and management of work related musculoskeletal disorders as occupational diseases in Germany

本文介绍德国针对腰脊柱损伤这类工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患的职业病诊断,并且重点介绍椎间盘最大耐受压力的研究及其标准值。主要介绍美因茨-多特蒙德-剂量模型(Mainz-Dortmunder-Dosismodell,MDD)、德国社会法院的判决(Bundessozialgericht,BSG)和德国脊柱研究再次评估(Deutsche WirbelsaulenstudieⅡ,DWSⅡ)所提出的剂量模型限值及其应用;椎间盘损伤X线表现和测量;实际病例和诊断中存在的问题。为我国开展工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患的职业病诊断工作提供参考和启示。

This article introduces the occupational disease diagnosis of work-related musculoskeletal disorders such as lumbar and spinal injuries in Germany,and focuses on the research and standard values of the maximum pressure tolerance of intervertebral discs.This article mainly introduces the dose model limits and their applications proposed by the Mainz Dortmund Dosis model(MDD),the judgment of the German Social Court(Bundessozialgericht,BSG),and the German Spinal Research Re evaluation(Deutsche Wirbels ulentudieⅡ,DWSⅡ);X-ray manifestations and measurements of intervertebral disc injury;Problems in actual cases and diagnosis.In order to provide reference and inspiration for the occupational diseases diagnosis of work related musculoskeletal disorders in China.