硅肥和微生物菌剂联用对连作兰州百合叶绿素荧光参数、产量和品质的影响

The combination of silicon fertilizer and microbial agents in continuous cultivation Lanzhou lily influence of chlorophyll fluorescence parameter,yield and quality

【目的】近年来兰州百合(Lilium davidli var. unicolor)产业由于受到品种退化、品质降低和连作障碍等问题制约,产量、品质与经济效益受到影响,因此本试验通过对兰州百合进行不同施肥处理来探寻为其增产提质的方法。【方法】本研究设置4个处理:CK(对照)、SF(硅肥)、MF(微生物菌剂)、SMF(硅肥和微生物菌剂联用)分别施入兰州百合连作土壤,测定植株生长指标、叶绿素荧光参数、产量和品质指标,并采用主成分分析法和相关系数矩形图对测定指标进行综合评价。【结果】与CK相比,各处理均能有效促进兰州百合的生长发育,其中SMF处理效果最好。此外,SF处理可显著提高百合不同生育期的根系活力;与CK相比,各处理均能显著提高百合叶片的PSⅡ光化学效率,且能显著降低非光化学淬灭系数NPQ;与CK相比,SF、MF和SMF处理的经济产量分别显著增加11.88%、9.73%和21.70%;SF、MF和SMF处理的总产量分别显著增加13.45%、8.90%和20.50%。与CK相比,SMF处理能显著提高兰州百合鳞茎中可溶性蛋白和维生素C的含量,且有效降低了硝酸盐含量;通过主成分分析和隶属函数法分析表明:硅肥和微生物菌剂联用对兰州百合提产增质效果最好,单施硅肥较单施微生物菌剂效果更好;兰州百合盛花期壮苗指数和根冠比(鲜质量)可以作为优选的百合壮苗指数模型,用于植株生长状况评估与产量品质预测。【结论】单施微生物菌剂、硅肥或二者联用均可提高百合叶片利用光能的能力和降低叶片热耗散,并促进根系生长,提高土壤养分吸收能力,最终促进百合生长,提升商品百合的产量和品质。在各施肥处理中以硅肥与微生物菌剂联用效果最优。根冠比(鲜质量)可以作为简易实用的百合植株大田生长状况及产量品质评价指标。

【Objectives】In recent years,the Lanzhou lily(Lilium davidli var.unicolor)industry has been constrained by problems such as variety degradation,quality degradation and continuous cultivation barriers,which affect the yield,quality and economic efficiency.Therefore,in this experiment,the method of increasing the yield and quality of Lanzhou lilies by applying different fertilization treatments to them was investigated.【Method】Four treatments,CK(control),SF(silicon fertilizer),MF(microbial agent)and SMF(combination of silicon fertilizer and microbial agent),were applied to the soil of Lanzhou lily continuous cropping,plant growth index,chlorophyll fluorescence parameter,yield and quality index,and the principal component analysis method and the histogram of correlation coefficient were used to comprehensively evaluate the measurement index.【Result】Compared with CK,all treatments could effectively promote the growth and development of Lanzhou lily,and SMF treatment had the best effect.In addition,SF treatment could significantly improve the root vitality of lilies at different growth stages.Compared with CK,each treatment can significantly improve the PSII.photochemical efficiency of lily leaves and significantly reduce NPQ.The economic yields of SF,MF and SMF were significantly increased by 11.88%,9.73%and 21.70%respectively compared to CK.The total yield of SF,MF and SMF increased significantly by 13.45%,8.90%and 20.50%respectively compared to CK.Compared with CK,SMF treatment can significantly increase the content of soluble protein and vitamin C in bulbs and effectively reduce the nitrate content.The analysis of principal component analysis and membership function method showed that the combination of silicon fertilizer and microbial agent had the best effect on the production and quality improvement of Lanzhou lily,and the single application of silicon fertilizer had a better effect than the single application of microbial agent.The seedling indexes and root-shoot ratio(fresh weight)of full bloom stage can be used as the preferred lily strong seedling index model for plant growth evaluation and yield quality prediction.【Conclusion】The application of microbial agents,silicon fertilizer or a combination of the two can improve the ability of lily leaves to use light energy and reduce leaf heat dissipation,promote root growth,improve the ability of the soil to absorb nutrients and ultimately promote lily growth and improve the yield and quality of commercial lilies.In any fertilizer treatment,the combination of silicon fertilizer and microbial agents will have the best effect.The root to shoot ratio(fresh weight)can be used as a simple and practical index to evaluate the growth status and yield quality of lily plants.