PtCo合金电催化剂在燃料电池氧还原催化中的研究现状与进展

Current Status and Progress of PtCo Alloy Electrocatalysts in Fuel Cell Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalysis

质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)具有高效、低温、环保等优点,是解决能源短缺和环境污染双重问题的潜在方案。然而,其阴极氧还原反应(ORR)中迟缓的动力学过程不得不依赖稀缺昂贵的Pt基催化剂,这阻碍了PEMFC技术的进一步发展和应用。为了降低成本并保证高效的催化性能,近年来研究人员已开发了多种技术策略,引入过渡金属与Pt合金化为主要策略之一,特别是PtCo双金属催化剂,它表现了更优异的ORR催化性能。本文综述了PtCo合金催化剂在PEMFC氧还原催化中的最新进展和现状,总结了催化剂组分控制、粒径调控、晶面调控、掺杂等调控策略对燃料电池催化活性的影响,详细介绍了最有前途的PtCo合金结构,如多面体、核壳、纳米框架、有序金属间结构等PtCo合金催化剂,并对催化剂载体研究进行了讨论,最后指出了PtCo合金催化剂在其应用中存在的挑战以及未来前景。

Proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC)is a potential solution for the dual problems of energy shortage and environmental pollution due to its advantages of high efficiency,low temperature,and environmental protection.However,the slow kinetic process in its cathodic oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)has to rely on scarce and expensive Pt-based catalysts,which hinders the further development and application of PEMFC technique.In order to reduce the cost and ensure efficient catalytic performance,researchers have developed various technological strategies in recent years,and alloying with Pt through the introduction of transition metals is one of the main strategies,especially PtCo bimetallic catalysts,which exhibit superior ORR catalytic performance.This paper reviews the research results and current status of PtCo alloy catalysts for PEMFC in recent years.Firstly,it summarizes the effects of modulation strategies such as catalyst component control,particle size modulation,crystal plane modulation,and doping on the catalytic activity of fuel cells.Then,it introduces the most promising PtCo alloy structures,such as polyhedral,core-shells,nanoframes,and ordered intermetallic structure.It also discusses the research on catalyst supports.Finally,it identifies the existing challenges and future prospects of PtCo alloy catalysts for their applications.