阿克苏地区HIV/AIDS患者抗病毒治疗后病毒载量及其影响因素分析

Analysis of viral load and its influencing factors among HIV/AIDS patients after antiretroviral therapy in Aksu prefecture

目的分析2023年新疆阿克苏地区HIV/AIDS患者通过HIV抗病毒治疗对病毒载量(viral load,VL)和相关因素的影响,为提高本地区抗病毒治疗效果提供一定依据。方法收集2023年抗病毒治疗6个月以上的HIV/AIDS患者的流行情况,并结合病毒载量检测结果进行单因素、二分类Logistic回归分析。结果2599例接受治疗的HIV/AIDS患者中,318例患者VL≥1000 copies/mL,病毒抑制率为87.76%;单因素分析结果显示,不同年龄(χ^(2)=9.561)、抗病毒治疗(antiviral therapy,ART)开始年龄(χ^(2)=6.895)、ART时间(χ^(2)=4.236)的抗病毒治疗抑制率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Logistic多因素回归分析结果显示,ART开始年龄30岁以下(OR=1.592,95%CI:1.126~2.250)及ART时间5年以下(OR=1.316,95%CI:1.039~1.667)是影响HIV/AIDS患者抗病毒治疗效果的危险因素。结论2023年新疆阿克苏地区HIV/AIDS患者抗病毒治疗效果受ART开始治疗的年龄以及ART时间的影响,治疗时间越早越久,病毒抑制率越高,治疗效果越好;应重点关注阿克苏地区ART开始年龄小于30岁及ART时间小于5年的HIV/AIDS患者,提高其服药依从性,并加强艾滋病宣传工作,以提高本地区病毒抑制率。

Objective To analyze the impact of HIV antiviral treatment on viral load(VL)and related factors in HIV/AIDS patients in Aksu prefecture of Xinjiang in 2023,and provide basis for improving the effect of antiviral treatment in local aear.Methods The prevalence state of HIV/AIDS patients who received antiviral treatment more than 6 months in 2023 were collected,and the results of single factor,binary Logistic regression were analyzed with the VL detection results.Results Among 2599 treated HIV/AIDS patients,the results of VL were more than 1000 copies/ml in 318 patients,with the virus suppression rate of 87.76%.The result of single factor analysis showed that there were statistical difference(P<0.05)in different ages(χ^(2)=9.561),age of initiation of ART(χ^(2)=6.895)and duration of ART(χ^(2)=4.236).The results of multivariate Logistic regression showed that the age of ART initiation younger than 30 years(OR=1.592,95%CI:1.126-2.250)and the duration of ART shorter than 5 years(OR=1.316,95%CI:1.039-1.667)were the risk factors influencing the effects of antiviral therapy in HIV/AIDS patients.Conclusions The effect of antiviral therapy in HIV/AIDS patients were influenced by the age at initiation of ART and the duration of ART in Aksu prefecture of Xinjiang 2023.If the treatment time is earlier and longer,the virus suppression rate is higher,and the treatment effect is better.Special attention should be paid to HIV/AIDS patients who receive ART at the age younger than 30 years,and the duration of ART was shorter than 5 years in Aksu prefecture.The medication adherence should be improved,and the publicity of AIDS knowledge should be enhanced to increase the viral suppression rate.