非晶合金-硅钢混合铁心三相鼠笼式异步电机的能效分析

Energy efficiency analysis of three-phase squirrel-cage asynchronous motor with amorphous alloy-silicon steel hybrid core

首先测试了非晶合金与硅钢铁心的磁化和损耗性能,将测取参数应用于YKK3552-4型笼型200 kW三相异步电动机的二维电磁有限元仿真,分析了电机在两种不同铁心材料组合下的能效特性:一是定子采用非晶合金铁心,转子采用硅钢铁心;二是定子和转子均采用硅钢铁心。结果表明异步电动机满载时组合铁心电机铁耗最小,但磁饱和问题突出,额定电压下组合铁心电机的空载电流可达额定电流的1.1倍,绕组铜耗最大。随后对运行电压降低时的混合铁心电机损耗情况进行仿真,当降压4%时电机能效特性达到最优。最后在3 kW样机上进行了能效测试,验证了降压运行的效果。为易饱和非晶材料在交流电机中应用奠定了理论基础,通过降低运行电压实现非晶定子铁心电机低耗、高效是一条可行技术路径。

The magnetization and loss performance of amorphous alloy and silicon steel cores were tested,the measured parameters were applied to the two-dimensional electromagnetic finite element simulation of the YKK3552-4 type squirrel cage 200 kW three-phase asynchronous motor.The energy efficiency char-acteristics of the motor under two different combinations of core materials were analyzed:one is the stator using amorphous alloy core and the rotor using silicon steel core;the other is both the stator and rotor u-sing silicon steel core.The results show that the iron loss of the combined iron core motor is the smallest when the asynchronous motor is fully loaded,but the magnetic saturation problem is prominent.Under the rated voltage,the no-load current of the combined iron core motor can reach 1.1 times the rated cur-rent,and the winding copper loss is the largest.Subsequently,the loss of the hybrid iron core motor with reduced operating voltage was simulated,and when the voltage was reduced by 4%,the motor’s energy efficiency characteristics reached the optimal level.Finally,an energy efficiency test was conducted on a 3 kW prototype to verify the effect of voltage reduction operation.This study lays a theoretical foundation for the application of easily saturated amorphous materials in AC motors.It is a feasible technical path to achieve low consumption and high efficiency of amorphous stator iron core motors by reducing the operat-ing voltage.