混合储能系统快速功率响应模型预测控制

Fast-power-response model predictive control for hybrid energy storage systems

针对混合储能系统平抑微电网大功率负荷突变引起的直流母线电压波动过程中控制响应速度慢、储能功率分配不合理等问题,提出混合储能系统快速功率响应模型预测控制。首先,根据储能系统预测电流值与系统功率补偿量得到储能系统预测功率并将其作为参考功率,设计基于有理函数拟合的功率配置方案对参考功率进行优化配置,得到锂电储能与飞轮储能的参考功率,实现飞轮储能系统容量的最大化利用,减少突变功率对电池影响,延长电池使用寿命。其次,通过储能系统功率电流变换关系获得参考电流值,并采用增量式模型预测控制算法对锂电-飞轮储能系统进行控制,得到最优控制输出,使实际电流快速跟随参考电流以抑制直流母线电压波动。最后,通过仿真和硬件在环半实物仿真验证所提控制策略的有效性及实用性。

In order to address issues such as slow control response speed and unreasonable energy storage power distribution in the process of hybrid energy storage system stabilizing DC bus voltage fluctuation caused by high-power load mutation of microgrid,a fast power response model predictive control for hy-brid energy storage systems was proposed.Firstly,according to the predicted current value of the energy storage system and the system power compensation amount,the predicted power of the energy storage sys-tem was obtained and used as the reference power.The power configuration scheme based on rational function fitting was designed to optimize the reference power to obtain the reference power of lithium bat-tery energy storage and flywheel energy storage.In the method,the maximum utilization of the capacity of the flywheel energy storage system was realized,and the influence of the sudden power was reduced on the battery and prolongs the service life of the battery.Secondly,the reference current value was obtained through the power-current transformation relationship of the energy storage system,and the incremental model predictive control algorithm was used to unify the control of the lithium-flywheel energy storage sys-tem to obtain the optimal control output,ensuring that the actual current quickly follows the reference current to suppress DC bus voltage fluctuations.Finally,effectiveness and practicability of the proposed control strategy are verified by simulation and hardware-in-the-loop semi-physical simulation.