比率电化学传感器:从设计到应用

Ratiometric electrochemical sensors:From design to application

电化学检测技术因其操作容易、仪器简单、成本低廉、分析快速等优点,在医疗诊断、环境监测、食品安全等领域得到广泛的应用.但电极的有限活性表面积和较差的抗干扰性能,使得电化学传感技术在实际样品分析中的灵敏度和特异性受到了一定的限制.近年来,研究者相继发展了具有比率信号输出的电化学分析技术.相比于传统电化学分析技术,比率电化学传感分析方法具有更高的灵敏度和稳定性,更好的选择性和再现性.基于此,文中综述了比率电化学传感器的最新研究进展,重点阐述比率电化学传感器的设计策略、信号转换方法和实际应用.同时,还简要探讨了比率电化学传感器面临的挑战和未来的发展方向,旨在为新型、高效的比率电化学传感器的设计和应用提供一个较为全面的参考.

Electrochemical sensors have been widely used in medical diagnosis,environmental monitoring and food safety fields due to its convenient operation,instrument miniaturization,low lost,and rapid diagnostic capabilities.However,the low active surface area and poor anti-interference performance of the electrode limit the sensitivity and specificity of the electrochemical sensing technique in the analysis of real samples.In recent years,researchers have successively developed electrochemical analysis technique with the ratio signal output mode.Ratiometric electrochemical sensors exhibit superior sensitivity and stability,excellent selectivity and reproducibility compared to traditional electrochemical analytical techniques.Based on above feature,the present paper provides a comprehensive review of the latest advancements in ratiometric electrochemical sensors,focusing on their design strategy,signal conversion method,and practical application.Additionally,the challenges and future development directions of ratio electrochemical sensors are briefly discussed,aiming to provide a comprehensive reference for the design and application of new and efficient ratio electrochemical sensors.