人类世的多角度透视

On perspectives of the Anthropocene

人类世被认为是一个由人类活动主导的独特地质时代。从人类世概念提出至今的20多年中,其使用不仅在地球科学之内急剧增长,而且迅速扩展到社会和人文等诸多学科领域。文中从3个学科视角对人类世进行了综述,概括有关人类世认识的异同及彼此关联。1950年代被确定为人类世的开始,对应于人类活动大加速及其造成的地球系统功能性变化。地球系统科学的人类世关注人类活动驱动的新地球系统状态,地质学视角的人类世关注其作为新地质时代的地质记录,社会学科与人文学科视角的人类世侧重对工业文明的反思批判与对未来发展的期许。不论未来人类世是否能真正成为一个新地质年代,其都将是地球科学和社会科学长期关注的研究主题。

The Anthropocene is regarded as a unique geological era dominated by humans.Over more than 20 years since the concept was proposed,the Anthropocene has not only been increasingly used with-in the Earth Science,but also rapidly adopted by many disciplinaries such as society and humanities.This paper aims to review the Anthropocene,regarding the similarities,differences and interrelationships in understanding the Anthropocene among the disciplinaries,from three perspectives of Earth System Science,Geology and Humanities.It has been suggested that the 1950s was the beginning of the Anthropo-cene,when was called the Great Acceleration of human activities that has changed the Earth System dra-matically.The Anthropocene from an Earth System Science perspective focuses on the new Earth System state driven by humans.The Anthropocene from a geological perspective focuses on the geological signals in the strata indicating the start of a new geological era.The Anthropocene from a social and humanistic per-spective focuses on human responsibility to cope with the global environment crises by industrial civilization and to make a hopeful promise to the human future.No matter the Anthropocene to be into the geochronologi-cal system,it will be an issue focused by the Earth Science and the Social Sciences in the long-term future.