雅斯贝斯早期哲学的精神进路

The Spiritual Approach of Jaspers' Early Philosophy

法律、精神病理学和哲学是雅斯贝斯的思想主线,但学界对其早期哲学即精神病理学阶段的研究较为薄弱。自身生命经验关怀是雅斯贝斯由法律专业转向精神病理学研究的关键,对精神病理学研究路径的反思是其早期哲学形成的关键进路。基于此,雅斯贝斯精神病理学研究提出“把人当人”的“病志式理解”,这与弗洛伊德的心理学明显不同。马克思·韦伯深度影响了雅斯贝斯的精神病理学研究路径,是理解雅斯贝斯早期哲学的又一视角。

Law,psychopathology and philosophy are the main lines of Jaspers'thought.However,there is still potential for further exploration of his early philosophical thought,namely the psychopathology stage.Jaspers'own life experience was the key to his shift from the legal profession to psychopathology research,The contemplation of the research trajectory in psychopathology is pivotal to the development of his early philosophy.Based on this,Jaspers'psychopathological research proposes the concept of"pathological understanding"in the treatment of individuals,which clearly diverges from Freud's psychology.Max Weber had a profound influence on Jaspers'research on psychopathology,which is another perspective to understand his philosophical thoughts.