西施舌人工繁育研究

Artificial Reproduction Test of Coelomactra Antiquata

开展了西施舌人工繁育研究。以3~4龄西施舌为亲贝,采用“封闭育苗”模式进行浮游幼虫和稚贝的培育,采用“附着板+池底”附苗模式进行采苗。结果表明,亲贝经过诱导、授精和孵化,获总卵量4536.99万粒,受精率达到(87.01±2.57)%,获受精卵3947.63万粒。经过胚胎发育阶段至初期面盘幼虫(D型幼虫),获D形幼虫3631.41万粒,孵化率达到(91.99±3.46)%。浮游幼虫壳长生长速度(9.92±0.26)μm/d,壳高生长速度(10.19±0.41)μm/d,浮游幼虫的存活率(84.26±3.78)%。经12~17d,浮游幼虫完成附着变态,形成初期稚贝。经30 d的培育,获得(3.26±0.12)mm×(3.10±0.09)mm的出池稚贝617.34万粒,稚贝成活率(17.00±1.93)%。经过约45 d的培育,获得(2.15±0.07)cm×(2.04±0.03)cm的西施舌中培苗(幼贝)257.99万粒,中培成活率为(41.79±2.51)%。指出,“附着板+池底”附苗模式可以取得较好的采苗效果,“封闭育苗”模式适于作为西施舌从浮游幼虫至幼贝的培育模式。

Artificial propagation test of Coelomactra antiquata.The 3-4 year old Coelomactra antiquata was used as the parent.The“closed seedling cultivation”model was adopted for the cultivation of planktonic larvae and spat,and the“attachment plate+pool bottom”attachment model was used for seedling collection.The experimental results indicate that,after induction,fertilization and hatching,45.3699 million eggs were obtained,and 39.4763 million fertilized eggs were achieved,with a fertilization rate of(87.01±2.57)%.The fertilized egg of Coelomactra antiquata underwent embryonic development stage and developed to the initial stage of veliger larvae(D-shaped larvae),and 36.3141 million D-shaped larvae were gained and the hatching rate reached(91.99±3.46)%.The shell length growth rate of the larvae was(9.92±0.26)μm/d,the shell height growth rate of the larvae was(10.19±0.41)μm/d,and the survival rate of larvae was(84.26±3.78)%.After 12 to 17 days,the planktonic larvae completed attachment and metamorphosis,forming initial spats.after 30 days of cultivation,6.1734 million spat(3.26±0.12)mm×(3.10±0.09)mm were obtained,with a spat survival rate of(17.00±1.93)%.The collected spat underwent about 45 days of cultivation,obtaining 2.5799 million seedlings[juvenile,(2.15±0.07)cm×(2.04±0.03)cm],with a survival rate of(41.79±2.51)%.It is pointed out that the“attachment plate+pool bottom”seedling attachment model can achieve good seedling harvesting results,and The“closed seedling cultivation”model was suitable as a cultivation mode for Coelomactra antiquata from planktonic larvae to juvenile.