强降雪环境下导流罩对受电弓空气动力学的影响

The Influence of Flow Deflectors on the Aerodynamics of Pantographs under Heavy Snowfall Environments

基于Euler-Lagrange方法对强降雪环境下导流罩及受电弓流场进行数值模拟,分析了压力场、速度场、雪粒轨迹等的变化规律。计算结果表明:降雪环境下导流罩会对受电弓流场产生显著影响,不同结构的导流罩对受电弓气动特性的影响亦不相同,全封闭式的导流罩有利于改善受电弓底部流场,降低底部部件所受的正负压,同时减小受电弓自身所受阻力;降雪会使受电弓迎风侧的压力显著增大,阻力亦随之增大;雪粒自入口入射落到受电弓上形成一层雪膜,全封闭式的导流罩有利于降低受电弓底部结冰风险。

The Euler-Lagrange method is used to simulate the flow field of flow deflectors and pantographs under heavy snowfall environment.The changes in pressure field,velocity field,snow particle trajectory were analyzed.The results show that the flow field of the pantograph is significantly affected by the flow deflector under snowfall environments,and the influence of different structures of flow deflectors on the aerodynamic characteristics of the pantograph is also different.A fully enclosed flow deflector is beneficial for improving the bottom flow field of the pantograph,reducing the positive and negative pressure on the bottom components,and reducing the resistance of the pantograph itself;snowfall will significantly increase the pressure and drag force on the windward side of the pantograph;snow particles enter and fall onto the pantograph from the entrance,forming a layer of snow film.The fully enclosed flow deflector helps to reduce the risk of icing at the bottom of the pantograph.