一种轴承预紧用施力检测装置的设计与应用

Design and Application of a Force Detection Device for Bearing Preload

当机床主轴单元配置NN系列圆柱滚子轴承时,为增强轴承刚性、提高主轴回转精度等性能指标,需对所配置的主轴轴承施加适当的预紧力以调整其径向游隙。目前,常用的冲击轴承锁紧螺母的方式是向轴承直接或间接地施加轴向预紧力,此施力方式不仅会使轴承内环端面相对主轴轴肩产生一定的倾斜,从而影响后序相关尺寸的测量精度,还难以快速得到需要的轴承游隙量,以至于影响装配效率。基于上述原因,设计了一种能够向NN系列主轴轴承提供平稳轴向力的施力检测装置,并在某知名品牌的TS-A0620和TS-A0823两种型号主轴单元的装配过程中试用。统计数据显示,该装置对提高主轴轴承的装配精度和提升主轴单元装配效率起到了积极作用。因此,对该施力检测装置的结构进行推广和使用具有一定的实际意义。

When the spindle unit of the machine tool is equipped with NN series cylindrical roller bearings,in order to enhance the bearing rigidity,improve the spindle rotation accuracy and other performance indicators,it is necessary to apply appropriate preload force to the spindle bearing to adjust its radial backlash.At present,the common way of impacting the bearing lock nut directly or indirectly exerts axial preload on the bearing.This force application method will not only cause the bearing inner ring end face to produce a certain tilt relative to the spindle shoulder,thus affecting the measurement accuracy of the relevant dimension of the subsequent sequence,but also difficult to quickly obtain the required bearing clearance amount,so as to affect the assembly efficiency.Based on the above reasons,a force detection device which can provide stable axial force to NN series spindle bearings is designed and tested in the assembly process of TS-A0620 and TS-A0823 spindle units of a well-known brand.According to the statistical data,the device plays an active role in improving the assembly accuracy of the spindle bearing and the assembly efficiency of the spindle unit.Therefore,it is of practical significance to popularize the new technology to promote and use the structure of the force detection device.