低龄老年群体养老需求的嬗变机理、趋向与应对理路

The Evolutionary Mechanism,Trend,and Response Strategies of the Elderly Care Needs of the Young Elderly

全面深化改革促进养老服务高质量发展,是实施积极应对人口老龄化国家战略的迫切需要。老年群体是具有较大差异性的中观概念,低龄老年人的群体特征和养老服务需求变化值得关注,表现为其子女关系上从“养儿防老”到“不给子女添麻烦”,健康理念上从“没病没灾”到“全面健康”,价值追求上从“经济价值为主”到“情绪价值并重”,生活方式上从“柴米油盐”到“诗与远方”,精神生活上从“老有所养”到“学养结合”,社会参与上以人权为基础的全面参与逐渐增多。需要抓住重要窗口期,在科学研究、制度设计、老年教育、宣传引导和老年人力资源开发等多方面加大投入和创新力度,提前谋划布局,通过深化改革助推养老服务高质量发展。

Comprehensively deepening reform to promote the high-quality development of elderly care services is an urgent need for implementing the national strategy of actively responding to population aging.The elderly group is a mesoscopic concept with great differences.The group characteristics of the young elderly and changes in their demand for elderly care services deserve attention.The following transitions are manifested:from“relying on children for old-age support”to“not causing trouble to children”in terms of the relationship with their children;from“being free from illness”to“comprehensive health”in terms of health philosophy;from“being mainly based on economic value”to“attaching equal importance to emotional value”in terms of value pursuit;from“daily necessities”to“poetry and the distance”in terms of lifestyle;from“providing for the elderly”to“combining learning with elderly care”in terms of spiritual life;gradual increase in the comprehensive participation based on human rights in terms of social participation.It is necessary to seize the important window period,increase investment and innovation efforts in various aspects such as scientific research,institutional design,elderly education,publicity and guidance,and the development of elderly human resources,plan the layout in advance,and promote the high-quality development of elderly care services through deepening reform.