多靶区经颅直流电刺激对健康成年人认知-运动双任务姿势控制的影响

Direct current stimulation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex can improve the postural control of healthy adults

目的探究多靶区左前额叶背外侧皮质(L-DLPFC)和初级运动皮质(M1)经颅直流刺激对健康成年人认知-运动双任务姿势控制的影响。方法选取健康成年人18例,均接受3次不同方案的tDCS刺激,包括多靶区tDCS(同时刺激左前额叶背外侧和双侧初级运动皮质)、单靶区tDCS(单独刺激左前额叶背外侧)和假刺激。每次刺激总时间为20 min,总电流强度<4 mA,每种刺激间隔7 d。每次刺激前、后对18例受试者分别进行单任务和双任务的步行和平衡功能测试,并进行统计学分析。结果单任务步态功能测试结果显示,单靶区tDCS刺激前、后步宽的改变值为(-0.511±1.072)cm,显著优于假刺激,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且在双任务步态功能测试中,单靶区tDCS刺激前、后步宽的改变值为(-0.511±1.072)cm,也显著优于多靶区tDCS和假刺激,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论单靶区tDCS(仅刺激前额叶背外侧)可有效调节认知-运动双任务姿势控制表现,但多靶区tDCS(同步刺激左前额叶背外侧与初级运动皮质)在调节双任务姿势控制中的并不存在特殊优势。

Objective To explore with healthy adults any effect on postural control of transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS)applied over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(L-DLPFC)and the primary motor cortex(M1).Methods Eighteen healthy adults received 3 tDCS stimulation protocols sequentially applied to either the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex alone,the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the bilateral primary motor cortex simultaneously or sham stimulation,respectively.Each intervention protocol lasted for 20 minutes with a total current intensity of less than 4mA,with a 7-day interval between the each stimulation protocol.Single-task and dual-task walking and balance tests were administered before and after each stimulation protocol,followed by statistical analysis.Results The results of the single-task gait function testing showed that the change in step width before and after single-target tDCS stimulation was(-0.511±1.072)cm,significantly better than with sham stimulation.In the dual-task gait function tests the change in step width after single-target tDCS stimulation was(-0.511±1.072)cm,significantly better than in the other two groups.Conclusions Stimulating only the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex can effectively regulate cognitive-motor postural control.Multi-target tDCS offers no particular advantage.