市域动车组外风挡设计及优化分析

Design and optimization analysis of external windshield for urban EMU

文章以某型市域动车组外风挡设计为例,根据车辆在线路运行时的外风挡压缩情况,采用有限元方法分析其应力分布及变形模式,并对其进行了优化设计。首先,针对外风挡橡胶材料特性,对橡胶材料进行力学试验,获取了其力学参数,并采用多项式拟合的方式确定了橡胶本构模型;其次,对于外风挡初始方案,通过仿真分析出其变形方式的不合理,并提出改进方案;最后,基于改进方案,以应力最小化为优化目标,采用HyperMesh软件中的网格变形技术,对外风挡橡胶截面的几何参数进行了优化。结果表明,优化后的外风挡在车辆压缩时变形模式更加合理,且应力最低。

Taking the external windshield design of a certain type of urban EMU as an example,according to the compression of the external windshield during the vehicles running on the line,the finite element method is used to analyze its stress distribution and deformation mode,and optimize the design.Firstly,for the characteristics of the rubber material for the external windshield,the mechanical tests are carried out to obtain the mechanical parameters,and the rubber constitutive model is determined by polynomial fitting;Secondly,for the initial scheme of the external windshield,the unreasonable deformation modes are analyzed by simulation,and the improvement scheme is proposed;Finally,based on the improved scheme,with the minimum stress as the optimization object,the geometric parameters of the external windshield rubber section are optimized using hypermorph technology in HyperMesh software.The results show that the optimized external windshield has a more reasonable deformation mode and the lowest stress during vehicles compression.