肠道菌群-胆汁酸-FXR轴干预结直肠癌的研究进展及中药干预的现状分析

Traditional Chinese medicine regulates the gut microbiota-bile acidsFXR axis to intervene in the development of colorectal cancer

肠道菌群在结直肠癌(colorectal cancer,CRC)的发展中起着至关重要的作用。失衡的肠道菌群对机体产生损害并扰乱胆汁酸(bile acids,BAs)代谢,增加结直肠癌易感性,同时影响法尼醇X受体(farnesoid X receptor,FXR)信号传导,进而促进结直肠癌发展。中药因其多成分、多靶点、多通路的协同调控作用在结直肠癌治疗中有独特的优势,能够通过调节肠道菌群,干预胆汁酸代谢及激活其受体FXR抑制结直肠癌的发生发展。基于此,本文对肠道菌群-胆汁酸-FXR轴在结直肠癌发展中所起的主要作用进行综述,并讨论中药干预肠道菌群-胆汁酸-FXR轴抗结直肠癌作用及机制,以期为结直肠癌预防与治疗提供新的思路和方法。

The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the development of colorectal cancer(CRC).The imbalanced gut microbiota causes damage to the body and disrupts bile acids metabolism,increases susceptibility to CRC,and affects the signaling of farnesol X receptor(FXR),thereby promoting CRC progression.Traditional Chinese medicine has unique advantages in the treatment of CRC due to its synergistic regulatory effects of multiple components,targets,and pathways.It can regulate gut microbiota,intervene in bile acids metabolism,and activate its receptor FXR to inhibit the occurrence and development of CRC.Based on this,this article discusses the main role of the gut microbiota-bile acids-FXR axis in the development of CRC,and reviews the anti CRC effects and mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine intervention on gut microbiota-bile acids-FXR axis,in order to provide new ideas and methods for the prevention and treatment of CRC.