《学生常见病多病共防技术指南》专题解读

Expert interpretation on the Technical Guidelines for the Joint Prevention of Common Disease Multimorbidity among Students

学生常见病如近视、超重肥胖、脊柱弯曲异常、心理健康问题等普遍流行,但往往不是单一存在,且通常具有相同或相似的公共卫生影响因素,因此需要开展多病共防。为此,国家疾病预防控制局组织制定《学生常见病多病共防技术指南》(以下称《指南》)。《指南》首次解释多病共防的概念,明确疾病预防控制部门应加强环境和行为监测,提出基于三级预防策略的多病共防公共卫生综合干预措施,推荐“6个1”适宜技术,倡导探索建立政府—专业机构—学校—社区—家庭—学生“六位一体”的多病共防协作模式,进而实现学生常见病防控理论和实践的飞跃。文章围绕《指南》的制定背景、理论依据、核心内容等方面进行解读,以提高公共卫生机构专业工作者和关注学生健康的相关人员对《指南》内容的理解,推进《指南》的应用。

Common diseases among students such as myopia,overweight and obesity,scoliosis,and mental health problems are prevalent,which usually exist concurrently under similar public health influencing factors.Therefore,there is a need to carry out the joint prevention of multimorbidity.The National Disease Control and Prevention Administration of China have organize the development of the Technical Guidelines for the Joint Prevention of Common Disease Multimorbidity among Students(hereafter referred to as the Guidelines).For the first time,the Guidelines clarifies the concept of multimorbidity joint prevention,specifies that the departments of centers for disease control and prevention should strengthen environmental and behavioral surveillance,proposes integrated public health interventions for multimorbidity joint prevention based on a three tiered prevention strategy,and recommends the appropriate technology of a healthy lifestyle featuring sixkey principles.It alsoadvocates exploring the establishmentof asix-in one model(government-professional institution-community-school-family-students collaboration)for multimorbidity joint prevention,which has achieved a leap in theory and practice in the prevention and controlof common diseases among students.The article focuses on the background,theoretical basis and core content of the Guidelines,in order to improve the understanding of the Guidelines by profesionals in public health institutions and people concerned about students'health,and to promote the application and dissemination of the Guidelines.