片治肯特Ⅱ号寺院哀悼图及其东传

Depiction of the Mourning Scene in No.2 Temple in Panjikent and Its Eastern Dissemination

片治肯特Ⅱ号寺院主体建筑是一座四柱大厅,大厅南墙上绘有一幅巨大的哀悼场景壁画,有研究认为画面中的死者可能是伊朗史诗英雄夏沃什。这一哀悼场景也反映了粟特节庆“求天儿骸骨节”,这一节庆与夏沃什传说故事也有一定的渊源。这幅哀悼图中的突厥人形象及其与之有关的阿弗拉西阿卜和夏沃什故事,为后来喀喇汗王朝建国传说打下了一些基础,同时,该图的图式结构还被吸收为佛教涅槃图中的举哀场景,体现了粟特节庆和突厥丧葬艺术向东传播的过程和影响。

The main construction of No.2 Temple in Panjikent is a four-pillared hall,on the south wall of which is a large-sized mourning scene.Some scholars consider the dead in the mourning scene is Iranian epic hero Siyavash.The mourning scene also reflects the Sogdian festival of"asking for the skeleton of heavenly son,"which are somewhat associated with the leg-ends of Siyavash.The Turkish figures in the mourning scene as well as the stories of Afrasiab and Siyavush that he was related to had laid some foundation for the legendsabout the founding of the Karakhan dynasty in later times.Meanwhile the composition of the scene was also assimilated into the mourning scenes in Buddhist depictions of nirvana scenes,and this embodies the east-ward dissemination process of the Sogidan festivals and Turkish funeral art as well as their influence.