电信网络诈骗犯罪的防控难题与对策分析

Prevention and Control Problems of Telecom and Online Fraud Crime and the Countermeasures Analysis

电信网络诈骗犯罪链条化、精准化、跨境化趋势极大地提高了诈骗防范与案件侦破的难度,以至于网络诈骗案件发案率依然居高不下。电信网络诈骗犯罪频发的主要原因在于:相关管理机制存在漏洞;犯罪成本低而收益高;被害人存在一定的致害因素,包括贪利心理、不注意个人信息保护、缺乏风险意识等。电信网络诈骗犯罪的治理难点在于:诈骗手法复杂化、技术化且不断更新迭代;犯罪人对犯罪场的改造增大了防骗难度;犯罪人对被害人的心理控制增加了防范难度;诈骗犯罪的链条化、产业化导致规避打击能力强;诈骗行为跨境化及体量庞大的数据、信息流导致犯罪查处难。基于此,对电信网络诈骗犯罪的防控应采取以下对策:通过宣传提高反诈意识和防范能力;建立与完善网络大数据预警模型;提升反诈工作水平、及时阻断诈骗犯罪;落实通信服务商、网络平台等相关单位管理责任制;建立多方合作机制形成反诈合力,包括构建国内多部门协作机制和国际司法合作机制。

The chained,precise and cross-border trends of telecom and online fraud crimes have greatly increased the difficulty of fraud prevention and case detection,so the incidence rate of telecom and online fraud cases remains high.The main reasons for the frequent occurrence of telecom and online fraud crimes are as follows:There are loopholes in the relevant management mechanism;The crime has low cost but high return;The victims have certain contributing factors,including the psychology of greed for profit,failure to pay attention to the protection of personal information,and lack of risk awareness.The difficulty in managing telecom and online fraud is that Fraud methods are complex,technical,and constantly updated and iterated;Criminals'transformation of the crime scene increases the difficulty of fraud prevention;Criminals'psychological control of victims increases the difficulty of prevention;The interlinked and industrialized nature of fraud crimes leads to a strong ability to evade crackdowns;The cross-border nature of fraud acts and the huge volume of data and information flow make it difficult to investigate and punish crimes.Based on the above,the fllowing countermeasures should be taken to prevent and control fraud crimes:Raise awareness of anti-fraud and prevention knowledge through publicity;Establish and improve the early warning model of network big data;Improve the level of anti-fraud work and timely block fraud crimes;Implement the management responsibility system of relevant units such as communication service providers and network platforms;Establish a multi-party cooperation mechanism to form a joint anti-fraud force,including the establishment of a domestic interdepartmental cooperation mechanism and an international judicial cooperation mechanism.