基于遥感影像分析的文山州石漠化治理方法探究

Exploration on rocky desertification control methods in Wenshan prefecturebased on remote sensing image analysis

石漠化是指人为或自然因素造成植被退化消失,最终基岩大面积裸露于地表的土地退化过程。云南省文山州石漠化问题严重,目前仍缺少景观生态学角度对治理方法的探究。基于高分四号卫星50米分辨率遥感影像,使用ENVI软件监督分类方法对文山州植被覆盖和地表裸露情况进行研究,并对文山州全州、文山州下属各县结合景观生态学分析对分类结果进行阐释,最终得出了如下结果。文山州地表裸露地区集中在中西部,植被稀疏地区集中在中部,边境各县植被覆盖情况良好。景观生态学分析指出文山州全州植被景观占优且连通性较好,生境破碎化程度低,但存在一定的人类干扰;各县按照景观破碎化程度从高到低排序,依次为:马关县、富宁县、麻栗坡县、西畴县、广南县、丘北县、砚山县和文山市。最后,针对文山州石漠化现状,结合实际提出了三点综合治理意见。

Rocky desertification refers to the land degradation process in which vegetation is degraded and disappears due to anthropogenic or natural factors,and eventually the bedrock is exposed on the ground surface in large areas.The problem of rocky desertification is serious in Wenshan prefecture,Yunnan province,and there is still a lack of exploration of management methods from the perspective of landscape ecology.In this study,based on the 50-meter resolution remote sensing images of Gaofen-4 satellite,we used ENVI software to supervise the classification method to study the situation of vegetation cover and surface exposure in Wenshan prefecture,and interpreted the results of the classification with the landscape ecological analysis of the whole prefecture and the counties subordinate to Wenshan prefecture,and finally came up with the following results.The surface exposed areas in Wenshan prefecture were concentrated in the central and western parts,the sparsely vegetated areas in the central part,and the good vegetation cover in the border counties.The landscape ecology analysis pointed out that the vegetation landscape of Wenshan prefecture was superior and better connected,with a low degree of habitat fragmentation,but there was a certain degree of human interference;the counties in order of the degree of landscape fragmentation from high to low were Maguan county,Funing county,Malipo county,Xichou county,Guangnan county,Qubei county,Yanshan county,and Wenshan city.Finally,this paper put forward three comprehensive management opinions for the current situation of rocky desertification in Wenshan prefecture,combined with the actual research.