高炉高顶压强化冶炼技术研究与实践

Research and practice of intensified operation on BF with high top pressure

随着高炉炉顶压力的提高,中国高炉炼铁取得了显著进步,高炉的强化冶炼程度得到了空前提高。高顶压强化冶炼技术已取得共识并被广泛采用,但目前关于高顶压技术系统的理论研究却比较少,且基本上局限于对高炉内煤气体积影响和对煤气流速影响的研究。紧密结合高炉生产实际,系统研究了高顶压对高炉冶炼进程的影响机理,分别阐述了高顶压对高炉冶炼强度的影响、对高炉块状带的影响、对高炉内料柱压差的影响、对高炉内煤气流分布及布料的影响、对高炉风口回旋区及炉缸活跃性的影响、对高炉渣铁排放的影响和对高炉内非铁元素反应的影响。统计了目前高顶压操作下不同立级高炉炉腹煤气指数的实际水平,对高顶压操作下高炉炉腹煤气指数的控制标准提出了修正建议。指出3000 m^(3)以上高炉、2000~3000 m^(3)高炉和1000~2000 m^(3)高炉的炉腹煤气指数分别按58~66、58~70和58~85 m/min控制比较合理。上述的高顶压技术理论研究在河钢唐银公司2座1500 m^(3)高炉的生产实践中得以应用和验证,2座高炉在顺利开炉达产的基础上,通过采取以高顶压、大风量、高富氧、低炉温为主要技术手段的综合强化冶炼措施,高炉冶炼得到有效强化,高炉各项技术经济指标得到快速提升,实现了高顶压强化冶炼技术的成功应用,具有一定的借鉴意义和推广价值。

With increase in the high top pressure,the BF iron-making process has obtained obvious improvement in China,and the intensified operation on BF also has been unprecedentedly increased.Apparently,this technology of intensified operation on BF with high top pressure has been widely adopted and recognized by industry.Nevertheless,the systematic theoretical research about this technology is relatively scarce currently,and the available research basically focused on the effect of high top pressure on the volume and flow rate of gas in BF.Therefore,based on the actual production,the impact mechanism of high top pressure on the smelting process of BF is system-atically studied in this paper.Firstly,the effects of high top pressure on smelting intensity,lumpy zone,the pressure difference of burden columns,the distribution of gas flow and fabric,the activity of tuyere and hearth,the discharge of iron and slag,and the reaction of non ferrous elements are elaborated.Secondly,the actual level of different bosh gas index under high top pressure operation is statistically analyzed,and the revision suggestions also are proposed for the control standards of bosh gas index.It is point out that the relatively reasonable bosh gas indexes of BFs about 3000,2000-3000,and 1000-2000 m^(3) is 58-66,58-70 and 58-85 m/min respectively.Finally,the theoretical research on high top pressure technology above has been applied and verified in the production of two 1500 m^(3) BFs at Tangyin Company of Hebei Iron and Steel Group.Specifically,on the basis of successful blow-on and production,the intensified operation technologies mainly include high top pressure,large air volume,high oxygen enrichment,and low furnace temperature are used by the two BFs,as a result,the smelting of BF has been effectively strengthened,the various technical and economic indicators of BF also have been rapidly improved,and the successful application of intensified operation on BF with high top pressure has been achieved,which could provide certain reference significance and promotion value.