儿童青少年零食摄入在健康素养与BMI之间的中介效应分析

Mediating effects of snacking intake on health literacy and BMI among children and adolescents

目的 分析儿童青少年零食摄入行为、健康素养对BMI水平的影响,并探讨零食摄入行为在健康素养和BMI水平间的中介作用。方法 采用多阶段分层随机抽样,使用中文版最新关键指标(NVS)量表和零食摄入频率调查表对四川省泸州市3121名中小学生进行问卷调查。结果 泸州市儿童青少年BMI值为(18.89±4.315) kg/m^(2),58.0%的儿童青少年零食摄入行为健康,31.2%的儿童青少年具备足够健康素养,儿童青少年健康素养水平与其BMI水平存在关联性(r=-0.074,P<0.001),这种关联性受零食摄入行为影响。零食摄入行为在健康素养和BMI之间具有部分中介效应(23.26%)。结论 健康素养水平对儿童青少年BMI水平有着直接效应,同时,健康素养水平还通过零食摄入行为作为中介对BMI水平产生影响,提示传统的仅通过被动输入知识的健康教育课堂并不能够起到良好的健康促进作用,应该同样重视健康行为的养成和促进。

Objective To analyze the effects of snacking intake behavior and health literacy on BMI of children and adolescents,and to explore the mediating role of snacking intake behaviors between health literacy and BMI.Methods A total of 3121 primary and secondary school students in Luzhou City,Sichuan Province were investigated by using Chinese Newest Vital Sign scale(NvS)and snack-intake frequency questionnaire with multi-stage stratified random sampling method.Results The average BMI value of children and adolescents in Luzhou City was(18.89±4.315)kg/m^(2),58.0%of participants had healthy snacking intake behavior,31.2%of participants had adequate health literacy.The health literacy level of children and adolescents was correlated with their BMI level(r=-0.074,P<0.001).And this association was influenced by snacking intake behavior.Snacking intake behavior had a partial mediating effect between health literacy score and BMI(23.26%).Conclusion Health literacy level has direct effect on BMI level of children and adolescents.Meanwhile,the health literacy level also has effect on BMI level through snack intake behavior,suggesting that the traditional health education class through passive input of knowledge only cannot play enough role for health status,and the cultivation and promotion of health behavior should be paid attention simultaneously.