学龄儿童晚睡现状及影响因素研究

Prevalence of bedtime delay and its influencing factors in school-age students

目的 了解深圳市宝安区学龄儿童晚睡现状及其影响因素,为促进学龄儿童睡眠健康提供参考。方法 2020年5—6月,采用整群随机抽样方法抽取深圳市宝安区内10所小学2761名7~9岁小学2年级学生为研究对象。通过自行设计的问卷调查收集学龄儿童的基本情况、父母情况、生活方式情况和基于匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表获取学生的睡眠特征。采用Logistic回归模型分析影响学龄儿童晚睡(就寝时间晚于22时)的因素。结果 宝安区2761名7~9岁学龄儿童中,夜间就寝时间晚于22时的检出率为38.54%(1064/2761),总睡眠时长不足10 h的检出率为73.85%(2039/2761)。Logistic回归分析显示,与父母文化程度为大专及以下、视屏时间<1 h/d和户外运动时间≥0.5 h/d的学龄儿童相比,父亲文化程度为本科及以上、母亲文化程度为本科及以上、视屏时间≥1h/d和户外运动时间<0.5 h/d的学龄儿童晚睡风险增加,OR值分别为1.455 (95%CI:1.218~1.738)、1.257 (95%CI:1.049~1.507)、1.391 (95%CI:1.189~1.627)和1.364 (95%CI:1.091~1.706)。将视屏时间和户外运动时间进行联合分析,调整了混杂因素后,相比视屏时间<1 h/d且户外运动时间≥0.5 h/d的学龄儿童,视屏时间≥1 h/d且户外运动时间<0.5 h/d的学龄儿童晚睡风险增加,OR值为1.814 (95%CI:1.326~2.482)。结论 视屏时间越长和户外运动时间越少会增加学龄儿童晚睡风险。

Objective To estimate the prevalence of bedtime delay and its related influencing factors among school-aged children,and to provide reference for promoting the sleep health of school-aged children.Methods A total of 2761 children aged 7-9 years in 10 primary in Bao'an District,Shenzhen participated in the study from May to June 2020.Basic characteristics,life style,and their parents'characteristics of students were obtained by a questionnaire sur-vey.Sleep characteristics were obtained by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.Associations of factors related to bedtime delay were analyzed by multiple logistic regressions.Results Among 2761 children aged 7-9 years,38.54%(1064/2761)of them slept later than 10 o'clock at night,and 73.85%(2039/2761)of them had sleep duration less than 10 hours.By lo-gistic regression analysis,when compared with school-age children whose parents were junior college educated or below,video time<1 h/d and outdoor exercise time≥0.5 h/d,school-aged children whose father with college degree or above,whose mother with college degree or above,video time≥1 h/d and outdoor exercise<0.5 h/d had increased risk of late sleep,the OR values were 1.455(95%CI:1.218-1.738),1.257(95%CI:1.049-1.507),1.391(95%CI:1.189-1.627)and 1.36(95%CI:1.09-1.70),respectively.In combined analysis adjusted by video time and outdoor exercise time,school-age children with video time≥1 h/d and outdoor exercise<0.5 h/d had an increased OR value of 1.814(95%CI:1.326-2.482).Conclusion The longer screen time and the less outdoor exercise time will increase the risk of late sleep in school-age children.