焦虑敏感性与跳伞参训人员跳伞训练前心理应激的关系:心理弹性的中介作用

Relationship between anxiety sensitivity and psychological stress before parachuting training among parachuting trainees:mediating role of resilience

目的探讨跳伞参训人员焦虑敏感性与跳伞训练前心理应激的关系及心理弹性在两者之间所起的中介作用。方法采用焦虑敏感指数量表3版、心理弹性量表、心理应激自评问卷及自编的一般情况调查表对258名跳伞参训人员在跳伞训练前进行问卷调查,采用Pearson相关分析法进行焦虑敏感性、心理弹性及心理应激间的相关性分析;以焦虑敏感性和心理弹性为自变量、心理应激为因变量进行多元线性回归分析,探索三者间的关系;采用Hayes Process宏程序模型及偏差矫正的非参数百分位Bootstrap法检验心理弹性在焦虑敏感性与心理应激间的中介作用。结果跳伞训练前有5.0%(13/258)的跳伞参训人员处于心理应激状态。焦虑敏感性、心理弹性和心理应激两两间呈显著相关(均P<0.01)。焦虑敏感性能正向预测跳伞参训人员跳伞训练前的心理应激水平(b=0.412,t=7.062,P<0.01),心理弹性能负向预测心理应激水平(b=-0.187,t=-3.722,P<0.01),两者共同解释心理应激水平总变异的31.4%。心理弹性部分中介了焦虑敏感性对心理应激的作用,中介效应占总效应的20.48%。结论跳伞参训人员在跳伞训练前的心理应激程度较低,心理适应程度较好。心理弹性在跳伞参训人员焦虑敏感性与跳伞训练前心理应激的关系中起部分中介作用,提示应重点关注高焦虑敏感性参训人员,提高其心理弹性水平,以降低跳伞训练前的心理应激反应。

Objective To explore the relationship between anxiety sensitivity and psychological stress before parachuting training among parachuting trainees and the mediating role of resilience between them.Methods Anxiety sensitivity index scale(version 3),resilience scale,psychological stress self-evaluation test and self-compiled general information questionnaire were employed for 258 parachuting trainees before training.Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlations among anxiety sensitivity,resilience and psychological stress.A multiple linear regression analysis was conducted with anxiety sensitivity and resilience as independent variables and psychological stress as dependent variable to explore the relationships among these 3 factors.The mediating effect of resilience on the relationship between anxiety sensitivity and psychological stress was examined using the Hayes Process macro program and bias corrected non-parametric percentile Bootstrap method.Results Before parachuting training,the prevalence of psychological stress among parachuting trainees was 5.0%(13/258).The correlations between anxiety sensitivity,resilience and psychological stress were significant(all P<0.01).Anxiety sensitivity was positively associated with psychological stress among parachuting trainees(b=0.412,t=7.062,P<0.01),while resilience was negatively associated with psychological stress(b=-0.187,t=-3.722,P<0.01).Anxiety sensitivity and resilience were found to explain 31.4%of the total variance.Resilience partially mediated the effect of anxiety sensitivity on psychological stress,accounting for 20.48%of the total effect.Conclusion Parachuting trainees are at a relatively low stress level,with good psychological adaptation.Resilience plays a partial mediating role in the association between anxiety sensitivity and psychological stress.More attention should be paid to parachuting trainees with high anxiety sensitivity,enhancing their resilience,and reducing psychological stress before parachuting training.