我国高校数据安全治理的政策评价研究——基于PMC指数模型的文本分析

The Policy Evaluation of Data Security Governance in China’s Universities——A text analysis based on PMC index model

高校承载人才培养与科技研发的重任,高校数据安全治理是数字时代不可忽视的重要议题。为了给我国高校数据安全治理政策的制定与完善提供有力抓手,亟需分析评估现有相关政策的优势与不足。运用文本挖掘法与内容分析法对所选取的国家级、市级、校级10项政策样本进行词频统计与分析,构建评价指标体系。在此基础上对政策文件进行评价,计算每项政策的PMC指数,绘制PMC曲面图。评价结果显示2项政策获“良好”等级,8项政策获“合格”等级,我国高校数据安全治理政策整体上较为合理,政策视角全面、重点突出、内容规范,但仍有很大改进空间,因此针对评价结果提出政策建议。第一,锚定政策目标,以社会需求统筹制度与实践的牵引发展。第二,联动政策主体,以产教融合协调内部与外部的交互合作。第三,延长政策时效,以前瞻视角维持当下与未来的动态平衡。第四,强化政策保障,以激励机制重塑权力与责任的对立冲突。

Colleges and universities bear the heavy responsibility of talent training and scientific and technological research and development,and data security governance in colleges and universities is an important issue that cannot be ignored in the digital era.In order to provide a strong starting point for the formulation and improvement of data security governance policies in China’s universities,it is urgent to analyze and evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of existing relevant policies.The text mining method and content analysis method are used to count and analyze the word frequency of 10 selected policy samples at the national,municipal and school levels,and the evaluation index system is constructed.On this basis,the policy documents are evaluated,the PMC index of each policy is calculated,and the PMC surface diagram is drawn.The evaluation results show that 2 policies have been rated"good"and 8 policies have been rated"qualified",indicating that the data security governance policies of China’s universities are generally reasonable,owning comprehensive policy perspectives,prominent focuses and standardized contents.However,there is still much room for improvement,so policy recommendations are made in response to the findings of the evaluation.First,we should anchor policy objectives and coordinate the development of systems and practices based on social needs.Second,we should link the main body of policy and coordinate internal and external interaction and cooperation with the integration of industry and education.Third,we need to extend the timeliness of policies and maintain a dynamic balance between the present and the future from a forwardlooking perspective.Fourth,we should strengthen policy guarantees,and use incentive mechanisms to reshape the conflict between power and responsibility.