进一步发挥国有企业在技术范式转型中的引领作用

Further Leverage the Leading Role of State-owned Enterprises in the Transformation of Technological Paradigms

技术范式转型是推动经济持续增长、提升国家竞争力的核心动力。技术范式转型主要通过打破技术约束、改变生产要素组合方式、优化成本结构及带动关联产业变化等多种方式,为潜在企业家开辟广阔的创业空间,激发经济体系的活力。技术范式转型本质上是科学知识、技术知识和需求相关知识融合发展的结果。国有企业凭借自身的独特能力与优势,在技术范式转型中发挥着不可替代的引领作用。国有企业所引领的高铁技术范式转型就是一个生动的例子。其不仅为我国高铁技术领域带来了巨大的成功,还催生出丰富的创业机会,推动了相关产业的蓬勃发展,形成了庞大而有序的高铁产业生态系统。在技术范式转型中的引领作用要求国有企业更多布局技术密集型产业。

The transformation of technological paradigms is the key driving force for promot-ing sustained economic growth and enhancing national competitiveness.This transformation cre-ates significant opportunities for potential entrepreneurs and enhances the diversity and vitality of the economic system through various means,such as overcoming technological constraints,al-tering the combination of production factors,modifying cost structure,and stimulating changes in industrial linkages.Essentially,the transformation of technological paradigms results from the integrated development of three types of knowledge:scientific knowledge,technological knowl-edge,and demand-related knowledge.Scientific knowledge offers the theoretical foundation for technological innovation,while technological knowledge supplies the necessary means for imple-menting that innovation.Demand-related knowledge,on the other hand,provides the direction for technological innovation.When these three types of knowledge integrate and interact,they create a powerful driving force for innovation,facilitating the rapid transformation of technologi-cal paradigms.State-owned enterprises(SOEs)play an irreplaceable leading role in transforming techno-logical paradigms due to their unique abilities and advantages in integrating and applying scien-tific knowledge,technological knowledge,and demand-related knowledge.At the scientific knowledge level,with strong financial resources,SOEs can establish large-scale research facili-ties and laboratories covering multiple disciplines.They cooperate with leading scientific re-search institutions,attracting top talents and focusing on long-term knowledge accumulation aligned with national strategies,thus laying a solid theoretical foundation for the transformation.In terms of technological knowledge,their diverse industry presence enables them to accumulate rich resources.By utilizing technological synergies across different sectors,they can foster cross-disciplinary innovation and shorten the transformation cycle.Additionally,the extensive techno-logical expertise they have accumulated over time,along with effective knowledge inheritance mechanisms,further supports the transformation process.Regarding demand-related knowledge,SOEs maintain close connections with the market,allowing them to align technological innova-tions with market demands effectively.This ensures that new technological paradigms can be practically applied.Moreover,their strong sense of social responsibility compels them to con-sider societal needs,adding deeper social significance to the transformation efforts.A prime ex-ample of this paradigm shift is the development of high-speed rail technology led by SOEs.It not only brings great achievements to China's high-speed rail technology field but has also gener-ated numerous entrepreneurial opportunities.The leading role in the transformation of technological paradigms requires SOEs to focus more on technology-intensive industries.These industries are characterized by strong spillover effects during technological paradigm transformation and a complex,often uncertain process of knowledge integration and development.As a result,this field requires entities with strong capa-bilities in resource integration,high strategic determination,and a strong sense of social respon-sibility.SOEs are well-suited to meet these requirements.Effectively leading the transformation of technological paradigms by SOEs holds great practical significance for promoting high-quality economic development in China.