新一轮科技革命和产业变革背景下科技创新范式演变分析

Analysis of the Evolution of Scientific and Technological Innovation Paradigm in the Context of the New Round of Scientific and Technological Revolution and Industrial Transformation

在新一轮科技革命和产业变革背景下,需要进一步加强研判科技创新工作的最新趋势和动向,更好地把握当前全球科学发现、技术发明等创新活动的新特点,深入分析科技创新范式的演变逻辑。在梳理已有文献的基础上,总结归纳了新一轮科技革命和产业变革背景下科技创新的新特点和新形势,从价值、主体、客体、路径等4个维度出发,提出科技创新范式的“四维”理论分析框架,并基于该框架,深入探讨了科技创新范式的演变逻辑。最后,提出从体现时代性、把握规律性、富于创造性的体制机制改革举措入手,基于科技创新新范式的主体、客体和路径等维度,畅通各环节,拉长长板,塑造新优势,并围绕强化政府职能、发挥市场作用、培养科技人才、推动科技成果转化等方面提出了具体对策与建议。

Against the backdrop of the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation,it is essential to intensify our efforts in scientific and technological innovation.This involves analyzing and understanding the latest trends and movements associ-ated with this new era,better grasping the new characteristics of current global innovative activi-ties,such as scientific discoveries and technological inventions,and delving into the underlying logic behind the evolution of scientific and technological innovation paradigms.Based on a litera-ture review that examines the trends and movements of this new round of scientific and techno-logical revolution and industrial transformation,research on scientific and technological innova-tion paradigms,and studies on strategies for adapting to new paradigms in innovation,it is clear that the environment for scientific and technological innovation has shifted.This new environ-ment is characterized by changes in aspects such as innovation demands,cognitive paradigms,supply-demand relationships,and focal points of innovation.Overall,the development of scien-tific and technological innovation shows new trends:there is a significant expansion in the breadth of innovation,a remarkable deepening in its depth,and a notable acceleration in its speed.Then,it is indicated that the scientific and technological innovation paradigm is a system-atic concept that encompasses a widely accepted system of ideas within both the scientific and technological community and the industrial sector.This paradigm involves multiple dimensions,including the value of scientific and technological innovation(its purpose and direction),the key stakeholders involved,the factors influencing innovation,and the various paths to achieve it.Starting from the four dimensions of value,subject,object,and path,a"four-dimensional"theo-retical analysis framework for scientific and technological innovation paradigms is proposed.Based on this framework,an in-depth analysis of the evolution of scientific and technological in-novation paradigms is conducted.It is noted that,in the context of a new round of scientific and technological revolutions and industrial transformations,the value of scientific and technological innovation has gradually evolved from meeting people's basic living needs to continuously en-hancing people's sense of happiness through new technologies.Moreover,innovation activities have shifted from a closed paradigm to an open one,fostering interactive cooperation among stakeholders that transcends traditional limitations of time and space,and leading to the forma-tion of a global innovation network.The tasks and goals of scientific and technological innovation have become increasingly complex,requiring the collaboration of multiple organizations.The characteristics of"big science and technology"and"large investment"have become more promi-nent.The paths of scientific and technological innovation have gradually transitioned from a lin-ear model to a more systematic model that is based on a dynamic innovation ecosystem and en-compasses the whole innovation process.Finally,it is essential to emphasize the importance of implementing reform measures of systems and mechanisms that reflect contemporary values,un-derstand underlying trends,and are innovative.This approach should consider the dimensions of subjects,objects,and paths within the new innovation paradigm.We need to strengthen connec-tions,leverage strengths,and establish new advantages.To achieve this,several key recommen-dations are proposed:first,strengthen the government's macro-coordinating role to optimize the management of the entire innovation chain;second,fully leverage the market's decisive role in resource allocation to systematically develop leading enterprises in the field of science and tech-nology;third,cultivate,recruit,and effectively utilize talents to enhance the core competitive-ness of the scientific and technological workforce;fourth,accelerate efforts to transform scien-tific research strengths into industrial advantages and focus on improving the collaborative inno-vation network both at home and abroad.