二级轻气炮金属膜片破膜压力测量实验

Experiment of Measuring Rupture Pressure of Metal Diaphragm of Two-Stage Light Gas Gun

二级轻气炮的金属膜片作为连接泵管与发射管的关键部件,其破膜压力直接影响着活塞和弹丸的运动历程,是内弹道研究中不可忽视的关键参数。为精确测量二级轻气炮中金属膜片破膜压力,在不改变现有气炮结构的基础上,设计了一种在金属膜片两侧安装锥段延长机构和高量程压力传感器,对金属膜片进行瞬间破膜压力的测量方法。以该方法为基础,实验测得了不同槽深的金属膜片破膜压力数据。结果表明:槽深为1.6,1.2,0.8 mm金属膜片破膜压力分别为78,135,195 MPa;调整金属膜片的槽深,可以有效地控制弹丸的释放压力和弹底压力过程,进而对弹丸的速度产生显著影响。本研究为二级轻气炮的发射能力提升和发射参数的优化提供了实践指导,而且突破了在极端条件下测量内弹道参数的难题,为气炮的内弹道分析和性能改进提供了重要的数据支撑和理论依据。

The metal diaphragm of a two-stage light gas gun,serving as a crucial component connecting the pump tube and the launch tube,directly influences the motion of the piston and the projectile through its rupture pressure,making it an indispensable key parameter in interior ballistics research.To achieve precise measurement,by installing extension mechanisms and high-range pressure sensors at the front and rear ends of the diaphragm,a method for measuring the instantaneous rupture pressure of the diaphragm without altering the existing structure of the gas gun is designed.Based on this method,through experiments with a two-stage light gas gun,successful acquisition of the rupture pressure data for diaphragms with groove depths of 1.6,1.2,and 0.8 mm is achieved.Through meticulous analysis of the experimental data,the results show that adjusting the groove depth of the diaphragm can effectively control the release pressure of the projectile and the pressure process at the base of the projectile,thereby significantly affecting the velocity of the projectile.This study provides practical guidance for enhancing the firing capability and optimizing the firing parameters of the two-stage light gas gun.Moreover,the challenge of measuring interior ballistic parameters under extreme conditions is overcome.The important data support and theoretical basis for the interior ballistic analysis and performance improvement of gas guns are provided.