胶东沿海地区山村民居建构特征及气候适应性实证探究

Empirical Exploration to the Construction Characteristics and Climate Adaptability of Rural Housing in the Coastal area of Eastern Shandong

挖掘传统民居生态价值,不仅是保护和传承中国乡村建筑文化的重要举措,也是促进乡村可持续发展的动力源泉。文章以胶东沿海地区某山村民居为研究对象,梳理山村地形气候、村落布局、建造历史及建构特征等,并进一步对现存的3类典型农宅进行热环境实测,记录空气温度、相对湿度、黑球温度和CO_(2)浓度等参数,研究不同建构方式对建筑热湿环境的影响作用。结果表明:传统围护结构与多种气候缓冲措施相结合使传统农宅具有最佳的室内热环境和热舒适水平。说明传统建构方式具有良好的气候适应性,传统智慧与现代技术的有机结合有助于乡村农宅改造更新的进一步优化。

The ecological value of traditional house shall be tapped,that is not only an important measure for protecting and inheriting Chinese rural architectural culture,but also the motive force for promoting sustainable development of rural area.Taking the house in a mountain village in a costal area in eastern Shandong as the research object,this paper combs village topography and climate,village layout,construction history and construction characteristics,etc.,and it further performs measurement of thermal environment to three kinds of existing rural houses,so as to record air temperature,relative humidity,black globe temperature and CO_(2) concentration,and it studies the impact of different construction mode on the thermal and humid environment of building.It is shown by result:through combination of traditional exterior-protected construction and multiple climatic buffer measures,traditional rural houses have optimal indoor thermal environment and comfort level.That means traditional construction mode has excellent climate adaptability,and organic combination of traditional wisdom and modern technology is conducive to further optimization of transformation and renewal of rural house.