基于主成分分析和聚类分析的高油酸花生芽综合品质评价

Comprehensive Quality Evaluation of High Oleie Acid Peanut Sprouts Based on Principle Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis

花生因发芽后营养价值大幅度提高,尤其是花生发芽后酚类物质含量丰富,有抗氧化、预防心血管疾病等多种作用,常被用于食品、医药领域。该文对不同地区主栽的16种高油酸花生进行发芽处理,测定其发芽率和发芽5 d后的芽长、水分、灰分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维、总氨基酸、总脂肪酸等多种基础营养物质及总酚含量,并利用相关性分析、聚类分析和主成分分析法对16个高油酸花生品种进行综合品质评价。结果表明,多个营养成分之间具有一定相关性:发芽率与粗蛋白含量呈显著负相关(p<0.05),而总酚含量与发芽率和芽长呈显著正相关(p<0.05,p<0.01)。聚类分析可将16个高油酸花生品种分为三类,其中阜花27、阜花22和阜花30为一类群,其特点是总脂肪酸含量和发芽率较高。利用主成分分析可将11个理化指标分为4个主成分,其累计方差贡献率达到88.08%。经过进一步的综合分析筛选得出阜花22综合品质得分最高,为1.6153,是适合发芽的高油酸花生品种。

Nutritional value in peanuts significantly increased after germination,especially with abundant phenolic substances that have multiple effects such as antioxidant and cardiovascular disease prevention.Therefore,they are often used in the fields of food and medicine.In this study,germination treatment was con-ducted on 16 high oleic acid peanut varieties planted in different regions,and their germination rate was mea-sured.After 5 days of germination,bud length,as well as various basic nutrients including moisture,ash con-tent,protein,fat,crude fiber,total amino acids,total fatty acids,and total phenolic content were also measured.Comprehensive quality evaluation of the 16 high oleic acid peanut varieties was carried out by correlation analysis,cluster analysis,and principal component analysis.The results showed that there were certain correla-tions between multiple nutrients:germination rate was significantly negatively correlated with crude protein content(p<0.05),while total phenol content was positively correlated with germination rate and bud length(p<0.05,p<0.01).The 16 high oleic peanut varieties could be divided into three categories by cluster analysis,among which Fuhua 27,Fuhua 22,and Fuhua 30 belonged to the same group,characterized by high fatty acid content and germination rate.With principal component analysis,11 physiochemical indexes could be divided into 4 principal components,with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 88.08%.After further comprehen-sive analysis,the Fuhua 22 variety was found to get the highest comprehensive quality score of 1.6153,making it a high oleic acid peanut variety suitable for germination.