不同基质配比对短枝木麻黄苗木生长及根系发育的影响

Effects of Different Substrate Composing Ratio on Seedling Growth and Root Development of Casuarina equisetifolia

为研究不同育苗基质对短枝木麻黄Casuarina equisetifolia无性系水培生根小苗的生长和根系发育的影响,以椰糠、泥炭、蛭石和黄心土为材料,设计了7种基质配方,以黄心土为对照,8个月后测定各指标。结果表明,基质C组合(椰糠∶蛭石=1∶2)持水能力强,基质E组合(泥炭∶蛭石=1∶1)总氮含量最高,有利于苗木的生长和根系发育。不同配比的基质对苗高、地径、地上生物量和地下生物量均有显著的影响(P<0.05)。除对照外,基质E培育的苗高、地上生物量显著高于其他基质组合,分别比基质A组合(椰糠)高55.29%和34.71%。基质E地径也优于其他基质,比基质A高出42.63%。根长、根系平均直径、根系表面积和根系体积在不同基质中均达到显著差异水平(P<0.05),基质C培育的木麻黄苗的根长和平均直径高于其他基质,基质B组合(椰糠∶蛭石=1∶1)中根系表面积和体积显著高于其他基质。根据无性系苗的生长性状和根系性状进行综合评价结果,基质E组合是较为理想的短枝木麻黄无性系育苗基质。

To study the effects of different seedling substrates on the growth and root development of Casuarina equisetifolia clones in hydroponics,seven substrate formulations were designed with coconut chaff,peat,vermiculite and yellow soil as the materials,and yellow soil as the control.After 8 months,the indexes were measured.The results showed that the combination of substrate C(coconut chaff∶vermiculite=1∶2)had strong water-holding capacity,and the combination of substrate E(peat∶vermiculite=1∶1)had the highest total nitrogen content,which was beneficial to the growth and root development of seedlings.Different ratios of substrates had significant effects on seedling height,ground diameter,aboveground biomass and underground biomass(P<0.05).Except for the control,the seedling height and aboveground biomass growing in substrate E were significantly higher than those in substrate A(coconut chaff)by 55.29%and 34.71%,respectively.The ground diameter of substrate E was also better than that of others substrates,which was 42.63%higher than that of substrate A.Root length,average root diameter,root surface area and volume all showed significant differences in the eight substrates(P<0.05).The root length and average diameter of seedlings cultivated in substrate C were higher than those in other substrates.In substrate B(coconut chaff∶vermiculite=1∶1),the root surface area and volume were significantly higher than those in other substrates.According to the comprehensive evaluation results of the growth traits and root traits of clonal seedlings,the matrix E combination is an ideal seedling substrate for C.equisetifolia clones.