健全因地制宜发展新质生产力体制机制的政治经济学分析——学习贯彻党的二十届三中全会精神

A Political Economy Analysis on Improving the Institutional Mechanism for Developing New Quality Productivity in Accordance with Local Conditions--Studying and Implementing the Spirit of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China

党的二十届三中全会将发展新质生产力、构建新型生产关系作为全面深化改革的重要内容。基于马克思主义生产方式理论,在新科技革命背景下进一步全面深化改革,要着眼于生产力与生产关系的辩证关系,聚焦于构建以科技创新为统领的全面创新体制机制,形成有利于新质生产力发展的新型生产关系。新型生产关系需要通过一定的制度载体方能发挥作用,因地制宜发展新质生产力体制机制即是新型生产关系的制度化形式。健全因地制宜发展新质生产力体制机制的实践路径应从三个层面着手:在所有制层面,应建立信息、知识、数据等新质生产资料的共有共享机制;在分配方式层面,应健全市场化的技术要素参与收入分配机制;在人与人的经济利益关系层面,应构建全程协同的技术创新合作机制。

The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China has emphasized the development of new quality productivity and the establishment of new production relations as essential aspects of deepening comprehensive reforms.Based on the Marxist theory of modes of production,and within the context of a new technological revolution,furthering comprehensive reform should focus on the dialectical relationship between productivity and production relations.It should aim to build an all-encompassing innovation system driven by technological advancement,forming new production relations conducive to the development of new quality productivity.These new production relations require specific institutional carriers to function effectively,and adapting to local conditions in developing systems and mechanisms for new quality productivity is a means of institutionalizing new production relations.Establishing practical pathways for developing new quality productivity tailored to local conditions should focus on three levels:at the ownership level,creating mechanisms for the collective sharing of new types of productive resources,such as information,knowledge,and data;at the distribution level,improving market-based mechanisms for technology factors to participate in income distribution;and at the economic relations level between people,establishing comprehensive and collaborative mechanisms for technological innovation.