大流动大融居背景下民族社会工作的适应性转型

The Adaptive Transformation of Ethnic Social Work under the Background of Large Flow and Large Integration

大流动大融居不只是民族人口的物理平移与空间重组,还意味着民族人口的分布格局、民族交往的方式与样态、中华民族共同体的内在结构等正在被流动性解构与重塑。这些深刻而复杂的变化将民族社会工作推向了更为关键的重要位置,也昭示着民族社会工作必须进行适应性转型。以行政性半专业化为特点,聚焦民族地区与民族身份的传统民族社会工作侧重于“稳定取向”的“地域性治理”,对流动人口及其背后的复杂问题关注不足,难以有效应对日益多元化、复杂化、动态化、碎片化的民族社会工作事务。面向大流动大融居背景下的新特征、新课题,民族社会工作应调适好民族性与社会性的关系,避免角色错位下的缺位与偏离,并基于流动性构建“脱域性”治理的新范式,在以发展需求为核心的关切下做好领域与功能的提质增量,在下沉社区的过程中提升专业化、精细化、多样化服务水平。

The large flow and large integration residence is not only the physical translation and spatial reorganization of the ethnic population,but also means that the distribution pattern of the ethnic population,the way and pattern of ethnic communication,and the internal structure of the Chinese national community are being deconstructed and reshaped by mobility.These profound and complex changes have pushed ethnic social work to a more critical and important position,and it also shows that ethnic social work must undergo adaptive transformation.With the characteristics of administrative semi-specialization,the traditional ethnic social work focusing on ethnic areas and ethnic identity focuses on the regional governance of stability orientation,and pays insufficient attention to the floating population and the complex problems behind it.It is difficult to effectively deal with the increasingly diversified,complex and dynamic fragmented ethnic social work affairs.Facing the new characteristics and new topics under the background of large flow and large integration,ethnic social work should adjust the relationship between nationality and sociality,avoid the absence and deviation under the dislocation of roles,and build a new paradigm of governance based on mobility.Under the core concern of development needs,we should improve the quality and increment of fields and functions,and improve the level of professional,refined and diversified services in the process of sinking communities.